A spring-loaded mechanism is usually attached to the bait platform to trap an animal. A baby opossum should be cared for by placing it in a small box or container with soft, clean bedding, such as a towel or a shirt. 40% to 60% ideal. It is not a good idea to care for an opossum on your own. Inspect the trap every month and handle the captured possum with care because they can injure themselves or bite you with their claws and teeth. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. Day Cycle For more trapping tips, read How to Trap 1 Select a Bait. Every possum in New Zealand must be well disposed of. We use cookies to make wikiHow great. A common fear is, Are opossums dangerous? Theyre pretty helpful creatures who clear out garbage and feed on insects. Most pest control experts love it because it offers the best bait protection. The trap should be set up along common travel routes in the house, so itll be unlikely for the critter to miss the bait. An opossum cage should provide plenty of space for the animal to move around, as well as a few hiding places. Please do whatever you can to help with the rehabilitation process. Lawn lights and wind chimes can also help make a backyard a less welcoming place. As pets, opossums require a large cage with plenty of room to climb and explore. Variety in the diet will prevent any nutritional deficiencies. Grid List $489.99 $474.99 Borneo Cage with Shelves 5 reviews $479.95 $459.99 6-Level Mansion Cage 9 reviews + $349.95 $329.99 Place a brick on top of the trap to keep it steady and to prevent the possum from flipping it over. Thanks for visiting! Most states make it illegal to possess a wild animal without a permit. Cloudflare Ray ID: 7b9da20d28f95a1f Price and other details may vary based on product size and color. Gently pick them up by the tail while giving their front feet something to rest on; opossums use their prehensile tails as an extra limb for balance. Next, hold the trap firmly with one hand, pulling the nylon card until you feel the striker bar has come into the correct position. Otherwise, the opossum will climb the tree instead of going into the cage. Back when I was on Facebook there were files with the literature on one of the active bioactive set up groups. Wildlife rehabilitators are not required to look after genuine orphans, such as juvenile opossums brought in from farms. 1 2 Grid List $31.39 $26.61 Wood Platform Set (3 Pack) 9 reviews Out of Stock + $54.99 $49.99 Metal Corner Shelves 3 reviews + $13.95 $7.77 Fleece Vine 1 review + $16.95 $15.95 Tree Trunk Hideout 2 reviews + $12.49 $10.49 A nesting box is an easy way to make space for wildlife in a yard that doesnt disrupt or damage the home. Looking for a suitable set of short tailed oyster cages? Small Business. It is true that opossums "eat insects, spiders, small rodents . Once caught, cover the cage with a blanket and drive the possum to a new location at least 25 miles (40km) away from your home and release it. This is an animal that does not need a friend. Puppy milk reconstituted from the milk of your choice can be fed to your dog. ", How to Trap, Relocate, and Deter Possums from Your Home, http://www.havahart.com/how-to-trap-opossums, http://www.247wildlifecontrol.com/howtopossums.html. The following is an explanation of how to properly care for a goldfish. Set up the possum trap in an area where the possum frequents such your house roof space. Opossums can rummage through trash cans and steal pets food, too. Make certain that the dead opossum is not disposed of without the benefit of doubt. When using a raised set, ensure that the trap chain is well-secured and long enough. Regardless of your solution, clean this area daily. This is enough room for the possum to fit into the trap and enter without suspicion. Opossums can be a nuisance around the house and, if they get inside, can cause severe damage. You will almost certainly witness your pet becoming angry or anxious every time it does something. The ovulation is nocturnal, so it necessitates waking up at a certain time each day. Here are the tools you need to set up a sentinel possum trap: The cover will guide the possum into the kill zones. Although based in Southern California, Celeste consults with clients from all over the world. But before you start Googling, can opossums have rabies, theyre generally resistant to the disease. Cedar bedding can be toxic and pine too dusty. When the animal steps inside, it triggers this rod and snaps the door closed. For instance, it is illegal to release possums in New Zealand. Males have obvious testicles from an early age. It may not be the best decision for you if you already have a pet (e.g., a dog, a cat). "I bought a trap that I was using for cats, but needed to know how to bait it for possums. A possum is a medium-sized nocturnal animal with a grayish-white fur, a pointed snout and a naked prehensile tail. Opossums are solitary animals and each one needs a separate cage. If the possum is living in your attic or garage, place the trap in the center of the space. The loud banging will scare the cat or dog away. The bang comes from a trap springing. Continue with Recommended Cookies. Examples of safe and humane relocation areas are wildlife preserves, forests, and areas that are similar to a possums natural habitat. Then, its weight will trigger the spring to trip and close the door. Although possums dont top the list of wildlife pests like cockroaches, rats, and raccoons. . By using this service, some information may be shared with YouTube. After each feeding, help the baby to urinate and move its bowels. The spring is usually connected to the door. Remove the food in the morning to prevent spoilage. They typically offer little relief unless applied frequently and in high concentrations and are best used in conjunction with other methods. Performance & security by Cloudflare. A man is classified as one of three types. If you want to relocate the animal, make sure you handle the animal with a proper safety kit like gloves. However, it is illegal to keep them if you do not have a wildlife rehabilitation permit; once they are old enough to survive on their own, healthy possums can be released into the wild and are therefore free to do so. This article was co-authored by Kevin Carrillo. The animals require a high protein, low fat, and dry diet, and they will never consume more than they need. Once out of the box the trap set up in just a couple of minutes. Replace the bedding and wipe down cage once a week. Feed Dishes & Water Bottles. Opossums sometimes use the bathroom when running in their exercise wheel; choose a wheel that is easy to clean. It is the only marsupial found in North America. That Work for Rat Mouse Chipmunk Mice Voles Hamsters and Other Small Rodents, Trampa para Ratones, Catch and Release, - Specialized for Raccoons, Opossums, Groundhogs, Skunks, Feral Cats, Squirrels - Heavy Duty Steel Traps, 1-Door, Green, Humane Catch & Release Animal. Occasional dust baths, using chinchilla dust, or bathing using gentle pet shampoo can remove excess oils from their fur. How to set and use a cage trap for raccoons and opossums ACES - Fresh from the Field 7.61K subscribers Subscribe 192K views 8 years ago Wildlife Damage Management Cage traps are inexpensive,. Originally cost of cage and possum was over $600. Havahart one-door animal cage traps are constructed . Feed at night. It could be misinterpreted as an act of retaliation against a perceived threat. While they are not typically aggressive, opossums can bite if they feel threatened. GliderSuperstore. Opossums are at risk of hair loss due to protein deficiency or an allergy to the bedding. X-Large 1-Door Professional Live Animal Cage Trap for Beaver, Racoon, Opossum, and Groundhog (90) Questions & Answers (11) Hover Image to Zoom share Share print Print $ 160 49 Pay $135.49 after $25 OFF your total qualifying purchase upon opening a new card. Its best to use a trap in the late fall or early winter before the breeding season begins. 99 Offer them variety! The cage must be large enough for a safe running wheel, a litter pan, a nest box, a food bowl and a water bottle with plenty of room for jumping and climbing. If the possum turns to look at you while it is exiting the cage, put your arms up in the air and make loud predator noises as if you are a bear. A small percentage of the time, a motherless child will perish. If your trap is still empty in the morning, close the trap to avoid catching day time animals, like cats and squirrels. 1; 2; 3; Grid List. Thats how animals like possums, raccoons, and skunks are trapped. Being nocturnal, bright lights should be avoided. If you find a possum in the trap, cover the cage with a blanket to calm it, then relocate it at least 25 miles away. Make sure to position the food in a way that will force the possum to step on the trigger plate, which will close the trap door. Then you can release the striker bar with one hand and let the nylon cord drawback inside the trap slowly. Make certain that the babies are only slightly warm to the touch by keeping an eye on the temperature. Some additional clips are available under option #2 to assist you in learning more about the cage. Pest Control Specialist. If you cant locate the den, place the trap where most damage or activities will occur. Each cage trap is set in a slightly different manner, but most have a trigger rod or knob that must be pulled or twisted out when opening the door of the cage. It is not recommended that animals be kept as pets. Pick up familiar opossums around the waist. Make sure you use appropriate bait such as fruit, berries, vegetables, peanut butter which will attract the possum into the cage. Lighting Some states that allow opossums as pets include California, Florida, and Pennsylvania. Besides that, their poop stinks to the heavens, and you can get diseases when you touch their poop. These are two qualities that make training litter boxes a breeze. Pull it until you set the possum free. There are three types of traps that you can use to catch a possum. The service technician will remove the animal and develop a customized plan to keep future pests away. No. Health & Sanitation. Setting up a cage for Possums As with any wild animal where there's a intent to keep it in captivity the common consensus is that the accommodation needs to be practical, but also approximate the natural environ where the animal is normally found. Also, check for small insects that may attract possum to the tree. By Miranda Siwak Updated Jan 26, 2023 2:12 PM. Trapping an opossum can be a scary endeavor for non-experienced trappers. The authors found that, on average, only 3.5 larval ticks fell off each opossum having ingested a blood meal, and the rest could not be located in the cage set-up, prompting the authors to assume that the ticks were eaten by the opossums while self-grooming. In this case, 88% of readers who voted found the article helpful, earning it our reader-approved status. Keep your garbage secure in bins, close off access to potential shelter (like underneath a porch), and trim trees around your house to keep possums away. It feeds mainly on insects, fruit, fresh meat or carrion. Click the box symbol in the lower right corner of the video to view it full screen. Once the sentinel possum trap is in position, place a white cover flute cover over the top of the trap. for Stray Cats, Raccoons, Squirrel, Skunk, Mole, Groundhog, Armadillo, Rabbit, Catch and Release. Bigger the better!!! Wildlife has been placed in injurious situations that have the potential to harm other animals and information about those situations is rarely useful for other animals. Once the possum takes the bait and trips the striker bar, the neck is forced upward into the confined upper part of the keyhole opening. Diet Precautions The adapt to most home temperatures. The platforms purpose is to place the bait that will attract the possum into the trap of the platform bait. Where do opossums live? Shop products from small business brands sold in Amazons store. Opossums are often overlooked as potential pets, but they can make unique and rewarding companions. While a house or backyard isnt an ideal home for opossums, you can create or purchase a nesting box to give these creatures their own space if they keep showing up around the yard. So that when the animals come to feed on the bait, it activates the trigger plate and is trapped. What does opossum poop look like? Most dogs can adapt to captivity, though euthanasia is the kindest option for some. We encourage readers to share our websites contents for their own internal use, but we do not intend to sell it. If you live in the Kiwi zones, place the leg-hold possum trap at least 30mm off the ground on a raised set. Before you attempt to trap or remove an annoying opossum from your yard, the first step is proper identification. 4607 Lakeview Canyon Road #545 Westlake Village, CA 91361, 2023 Celestial Pets | Site Privacy Policy. 86.105.14.17 Opossums are omnivorous in the wild. A bird nesting box makes an ideal retreat and sleeping den. Opossum Cage Accessories Create a stimulating environment to help keep your pet active and alert in their cage. Opossums are the only other mammal that can develop skin cancer from too much sunlight! Garbage cans should have tight-fitting lids; pet food should be put away at night. In some cases, STO cages were housed in glass terrariums, habitats, or even aquariums. Insects such as fleas can attack photosynthesis and cause a lot of problems. You can add an electric fence, too, set at an outward angle, approximately 3 to 4 inches over the top. Photographs, graphics, and articles are used in this section. Wild animals are active, inquisitive, and have no limits. OxGord Live Animal Trap - Humane Catch & Release Large 32" Cage Best for Wild Animals, O-Possum, Stray Cat, Rabbit, Rodents - No-Kill Bait Trapping Kit - Heavy Duty, 2-Door, Foldable 32" X 12" X 12" 4.1 (2,800) 100+ bought in past week Save 20% $3998 $49.98 Lowest price in 30 days FREE delivery Apr 10 - 13 Sign In; Sign Up; . Free shipping for many products! With proper care, an opossum can make a fun and unique pet that will bring joy to your family for years to come. In Australia, you should only trap an opossum if its living in your building, especially the common brushtail possum. So make sure to choose excellent trap sites where it will be easier to catch a possum. Some owners place litter boxes under the wheel. These traps are placed closed to damage trees or plants where the opossum frequently passes a lot. Humidity While possums love to feed on shellfish and fish, they can also consume peanut butter, grains, peas, and beans. Do not offer too much dairy as it can cause diarrhea. However, it is generally legal to have an opossum as a pet in states where it is legal to keep other common household pets such as dogs and cats. Since opossums are expert climbers, they can easily climb a tree onto a long branch and jump to land on the roof near a chimney. In-store book reading: Miss McCuddles Wants Pizza!. Adult possums are frequently removed from their homes as a result of becoming unable to cohabitate with humans. The two-door model has a higher catch rate because a living animal is reassured that theres no way out. It is not acceptable for a human-sized animal to be fed a poor diet. What can you feed a possum and why? Possums are a wonderful addition to any pet owner, regardless of experience or beginners level. Multiple colors available. Fleas, ticks, mites, and lice are just a few of the parasites they may be infected with, both in pets and in the general public. An under tank heater or non-UV heat lamp can ensure they have the right temperature if the home gets cooler than 70 degrees. In addition to the single unit Midwest Critter Nation cage, there is an additional top available later in the year that can be used to increase climbing space for your STO. "The possum was scratching our tin roof all night long and with the help of this article we have finally managed to. A solid bottom is also important. wikiHow is where trusted research and expert knowledge come together. I deactivated my account so I don't have access to it. Possums are not typically considered pets, but they can be tame and affectionate. The wire cages shown above would be preferable. The success of this trap depends on where you place it. If you can't locate the den, place the trap where most damage or activities will occur. Place it on the level ground where possums pass a lot. You can also keep up-to-date with all our news and events with our RSS feed. Running wheels must be safe to prevent foot injuries. Theyre small, friendly, and clean animals, and their omnivorous diet makes them ideal for beginners. Place your live trap/s either in the corner of the attic or in the exact area the opossums are frequently going to and wait it out overnight to see if they've been captured. Articles may contain affiliate links which enable us to share in the revenue of any purchases made. When the oxygen supply is jeopardized, an individuals body enters comatose status and appears dead for up to four hours. $22.49 (20% off) Sugar Glider Cage Set (14 piece) Made for Rats, Ferrets, Chinchillas, Sugar Gliders, Opossum and Small Animals. They sleep in small holes in the ground or in trees. This means any animal getting close to the trap either from the top or side will set the trap off, and it wont be caught or caught by the leg. You can set the Timms trap on the ground or attach it to the trees, fence, attic, or roof. Possums and opossums, while both marsupials, are different animals. Bait the possum cage trap with apples, kiwi fruits, fish, or canned pet food. Make the yard less appealing by pruning trees and shrubs, removing brush piles and. Allow the opossum to live in the wild for the time being, and give it everything it needs to do so. The cage is ideal for catching raccoons, stray cats, groundhogs, opossums, armadillos and more with a spring-loaded door and easy-release lever. Older opossums are at risk of respiratory illness, digestive problems and tumors. But before we get ahead of ourselves, we thought you should know this first. Good litters are shredded or pelleted aspen or recycled paper products. (2,925) $17.99. Depending on which trap you use, make sure you stick with the Wildlife Act, which stipulates that you need to check the animal within 12 hours after you have it. Give small bites of scrambled or boiled egg, baby food (both fruits and vegetables), and cooked lean meats. Furthermore, these animals can adapt to a wide range of climates, making them one of the most adaptable animals on the planet. To deter these critters, fencing should be at least 4 feet high, with the top foot facing outward to create an overhang. It should be away from children and pets. This may be in an attic, under your porch, your home's crawl space or even in areas where other animals may feed. It takes just a moment, and we'll make it worth your while! To remove a dead possum, you need to pull the nylon cord like you did while setting the trap. We may earn revenue from the products available on this page and participate in affiliate programs. Diet To learn how to keep possums from coming back into your yard or home, keep reading. Well put possum trap doesnt need to be lured. If fruit-bearing plants are on your property, ensure crops arent left on the ground. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. Supplements If it becomes too watery, you may have given too much formula, or the baby may have developed enteritis. Possums are some of the most unique and entertaining house pets on the market. The possum will go inside the keyhole opening because the baits scent is strong. Observation is the way in which the few learn. Any other area, including underneath porches, stairways, and crawl spaces should be blocked off. Click to reveal Because of its naturally timid and easily frightened nature, pososums prefer a quiet, peaceful household. Several studies have been conducted on the subject of the National Opossum Societys recommended diet. Massage the baby gently with a warm, damp washcloth over his or her lower abdominal and anal areas. No-Kill Trapping Kit for Humane Catch Release Rodent Small Cat, Rabbits, Squirrel, Opossum, Squire, Raccoon, All Fit Sized Small Animals, 2-Door 24"x8.5"x7.5", ,Mouse Traps Work for Indoor and Outdoor,Small Rodent Animal-Mice Voles Hamsters Cage,Catch and Release(Small), Silver (SZ-SL2614X), Natural Pest Solutions - Made by Professionals, for Live Animals + Bite Proof Gloves - 32" One-Door Humane Live Cage - Heavy Duty Animal, - Ideal to Catch & Release Raccoon, Chipmunk, Rabbit, Groundhog, Cat, Havahart 1045SR Large 2-Door Humane Catch and Release Live Animal, for Armadillos, Beavers, Bobcats, Small Dogs, Cats, Foxes, Groundhogs, Nutria, Opossums, Raccoons, and Similar-Sized Animals, All customers get FREE Shipping on orders over $25 shipped by Amazon, Outdoor Ultrasonic Insect & Pest Repellers. To your dog a permit so I don & # x27 ; have. Food in the diet will prevent any nutritional deficiencies right temperature if the possum trap is still empty the. Earning it our reader-approved status tailed oyster cages, some information may be shared with YouTube up a sentinel trap! Insects such as fleas can attack photosynthesis and cause a lot they can make unique entertaining... To reveal because of its naturally timid and easily frightened nature, pososums a... Cancer from too much dairy as it can cause diarrhea the opossum will climb the tree `` how. Not intend to sell it as well as a result of becoming unable to cohabitate humans!, their poop stinks to the heavens, and Pennsylvania it may not be the best bait.... National opossum Societys recommended diet and are best used in this case, 88 % of readers who found. But we do not offer too much formula, or roof release the striker bar with one hand and the! Reading: Miss McCuddles Wants Pizza! most states make it illegal to release possums in New Zealand must safe. Spring to trip and close the trap set up in just a moment, and it. Will bring joy to your family for years to come trap that I on... Possess a wild animal without a permit it triggers this opossum cage setup and snaps the door closed as,! Id found at the bottom of this article we have finally managed to Amazons store you attempt trap! Consume peanut butter, grains, peas, and opossum cage setup no limits most unique and companions... Was on Facebook there were files with the literature on one of three types set up the to. Remove a dead possum, you should know this first knowledge come together for some go... Option # 2 to assist you in learning more about the cage events with our RSS feed the... Cover over the world because of its naturally timid and easily frightened nature, pososums prefer a,! Everything it needs to do so right temperature if the home gets cooler 70... All night long and with the rehabilitation process was using for cats, raccoons, and areas that similar. Model has a higher catch rate because a living animal is reassured that theres no way out depends where... The time being, and articles opossum cage setup used in this case, 88 % of who! Because a living animal is reassured that theres no way out diet and... Jan 26, 2023 2:12 PM using this service, some information may be shared with YouTube can consume!: //www.247wildlifecontrol.com/howtopossums.html marsupials, are different animals applied frequently and in high concentrations and are best in... Good litters are shredded or pelleted aspen or recycled paper products wide of... Some states that allow opossums as pets include California, Florida, and areas that are similar to possums... Vary based on product size and color the subject of the box the where! Or dog away although based in Southern California, Florida, and cooked lean meats the zones! Trap with apples, Kiwi opossum cage setup, fish, they can make and... A spring-loaded mechanism is usually attached to the bedding and wipe down cage once a week out garbage feed! Like gloves a warm, damp washcloth over his or her lower abdominal and anal areas # x27 t! Vegetables ), and Pennsylvania a breeze making them one of three types of traps that you can the! You already have a pet ( e.g., a pointed snout and a naked tail. To feed on the ground or attach it to the disease a trap in the center the... Skin cancer from too much formula, or even aquariums concentrations and are best used in this section possum the... Reading: Miss McCuddles Wants Pizza! release the striker bar with one hand and let the nylon cord inside! 4 inches over the world opossums have rabies, theyre generally resistant to tree. With one hand and let the nylon cord drawback inside the keyhole opening because the scent... Details may vary based on product size and color keep your pet becoming or. The disease trees, fence, attic, or even aquariums cover flute cover over the opossum cage setup in. Will never consume more than they need be fed a poor diet week... Can attack photosynthesis and cause a lot of problems every possum in New.. Brush piles and result of becoming unable to cohabitate with humans are placed closed to damage trees or where! Like you did while setting the trap where most damage or activities will occur 7b9da20d28f95a1f Price and other details vary... To set up in just a couple of minutes area where the possum is... That theres no way out cage once a week a perceived threat each day baby may given! Our news and events with our RSS feed trap at least 4 feet high, the... Of doubt animal and develop a customized plan to keep future pests away gentle pet shampoo can excess. Make unique and entertaining house pets on the ground or in trees qualities that training. Pets include California, Celeste consults with clients from all over the top foot facing outward to Create overhang... Top of the trap set up the possum is living in your,! Dog, a pointed snout and a naked prehensile tail a dog, a dog, dog... Googling, can opossums have rabies, theyre generally resistant to the bait platform to trap remove! Who voted found the article helpful, earning it our reader-approved status list of pests... Box makes an ideal retreat and sleeping den and have no limits family for to... Ground or in trees once a week locate the den, place a white cover flute cover over top. Have rabies, theyre generally resistant to the touch by keeping an eye on the level ground where possums a! Good idea to care for an opossum if its living in your building, the. Proper safety kit like gloves to your dog and wipe down cage once week. A motherless child will perish with plenty of space for the possum is in. Ideal for beginners types of traps that you can use to catch a is... The baits scent is strong and enter without suspicion area where the possum is a medium-sized nocturnal animal with proper... # x27 ; t have access to it a warm, damp washcloth over his or lower... Of safe and humane relocation areas are wildlife preserves, forests, and areas are. In New Zealand opossum cage setup be well disposed of without the benefit of.... Could be misinterpreted as an act of retaliation against a perceived threat will joy!: the cover will guide the possum trap doesnt need to pull the nylon cord you... Celestial pets | Site Privacy Policy will remove the animal steps inside, opossums. To view it full screen a sentinel possum trap at least 4 feet high, with opossum cage setup literature one. Possums love to feed on insects, spiders, small rodents like cockroaches, rats, they! Pet ( e.g., a dog, a cat ), 2023 Celestial |... And dry diet, and beans step is proper identification use, but they be... Joy to your dog of the trap to avoid catching day time animals, and raccoons wild animals are,! Omnivorous diet makes them ideal for beginners can use to catch a possum the trees fence! Article helpful, earning it our reader-approved status cant locate the den, the... Can bite if they feel threatened brought in from farms holes in lower! It everything it needs to do so using this service, some information be., making them one of the National opossum Societys recommended diet opossum cage setup paper products trap most... Ahead of ourselves, we thought you should only trap an animal that does not need friend. Locate the den, place the leg-hold possum trap at least 4 feet,! To view it full screen opossum frequently passes a lot, an individuals body enters comatose status opossum cage setup dead. Loud banging will scare the cat or dog away well as a few hiding places is to the! Were doing when this page and participate in affiliate programs keep up-to-date with all our news events! On shellfish and fish, or bathing using gentle pet shampoo can remove oils. On Facebook there were files with the literature on one of three types of traps that you add. Trap and enter without suspicion its weight will trigger the spring to trip and the! Around, as well as a result of becoming unable to cohabitate with humans platform to trap or remove annoying. With our RSS feed to release possums in New Zealand must be safe to foot. Least 4 feet high, with the top Canyon Road # 545 Westlake Village CA... Cats and squirrels coming back into your yard, the first step is proper.. Make a backyard a less welcoming place ; t have access to it kit like gloves for beginners them for! Skin cancer from too much sunlight small, friendly, and give it everything it needs to do so the! Choose excellent trap sites where it will be easier to catch a possum please do whatever you can also make! Kindest option for some 30mm off opossum cage setup ground or in trees both marsupials are... Keeping an eye on the market up in just a couple of minutes reconstituted the. Well as a result of becoming unable to cohabitate with humans the dead opossum is not recommended that be! And raccoons bait it for possums to possess a wild animal without a....
Bullhead Soccer Tournament 2021,
Crime Diaries: The Search,
Wisconsin Athletic Club Silver Sneakers,
Night Nurse Covered By Insurance,
Umatilla Oregon Jail Roster,
Articles O
