It shouldn't be necessary, but it's a further warranty. Step Two: Rough Cutting the Pipes davido@fourwindsflutes.com. (And less prep for you!). A common comment that I hear from people when they find out that I make my own Pan Flutes is that it must be very hard to cut the pipe to precisely the right length to produce the desired note or pitch. Actually, the lengths of the pipes constitute the least exacting aspect of Pan Flute making. Just as long as the pipes are longer than the minimum length that they need to be for producing their desired pitch, plus a comfortable tuning margin, they are then tuned up to pitch by the insertion of tuning material, which is packed down into the bottoms of the pipes. The pipes of the upper octave of an Alto Pan Flute are more than halfway full of tuning material; if they were the exact length that they needed to be to produce the desired pitch, they would be too short to hold comfortably with the fingers. The traditional tuning material used in the Romanian Pan Flute is beeswax; its advantages are that it is flexible and malleable, and readily sticks to the bottoms of the pipes, sealing off the bottoms as well. Its main drawback is that it expands quite a lot in hot weather, which tends to raise the pitch of the pipes.. Once done the first row, we need the accidentals row. After you select the pipes you will use for your instrument, the next step is cutting them down to size. The lower end of the pipe will be cut off to produce the proper length of the respective pipe, and indicated in the table of pipe lengths and bore diameters on the Pipe Sizes and Dimensions page. For most of the pipes, their lower ends will be cut off in a slanted fashion, with the long side being on the side of the pipe that is closest towards the bottom of the instrument, or the low pipes that are held firmly in the palm of the dominant hand. The low pipes should be on your right if you are right handed, and on your left if you are left handed. Since natural bamboo pipes rarely if ever grow absolutely straight, there will be the problem of how to orient the pipes correctly selecting the shortest cross sectional axis of the bore to be the front to back or audience side / players side axis, the surface of the pipe that lies directly on the Pan Flute mold should be slightly concave and not convex. If the side that lies on the Pan Flute mold should be convex, the pipe will not seat well on the mold, and will rock back and forth, leading to potential problems in the assembly process. SUBSCRIBE - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCR2z5oXyl6oiA5Gv8M9h62g?sub_confirmation=1Follow the KSU iTeach Makerbus on Twitter https://twitter.com/iteachmakerbusFollow KSU iTeach on Twitter https://twitter.com/ksuiteachCheck out other projects on MakerTube! 1. 2. . To make a bamboo flute, you'll need a drill, a rotary tool such as a Dremel, and attachments for it. Its best modifier is Fabled . Stylistically and aesthetically, there are several possible variations in the designing of Pan Flute frames. Although Basswood is the traditional material for making Pan Flute frames, a flexible tree branch, of Willow or some other soft, pliable wood, can also be used for the front and back strips for those who want a very natural feel and look. Or, the front and back strips can be eliminated altogether, just reinforcing the instrument with successive laminations of thin Basswood, hardwood veneer or thin plywood on the instruments bottom surface. If the right pieces of bamboo or sculpted wood should be unavailable for the end pieces, then molding them out of epoxy putty and rasping or sanding them off smooth later is also a possibility. The styling variations are virtually endless, and the aesthetic possibilities of using exotic woods and other materials can also provide great artistic and creative possibilities. Just remember that structural considerations of strength and reinforcement should be satisfied before you start to consider aesthetics. It seems to me that there's no error at all. Besides providing a smooth, contiguous surface between the pipe rims that the players lips can easily glide over, slatting also fulfills the function of rendering the final instrument more narrow and compact. Stated simply, the deeper the slats are cut, the more the instruments resulting total span will be compressed, whereas the shallower the slats are cut, the wider that final span will be. Although there should be a relatively consistent and uniform slatting pattern throughout the instruments entire gamut or span, within this overall principle there can be different policies and protocols when it comes to relative slatting depth. The two main slatting strategies that are used are graduated slatting versus uniform slatting. In graduated slatting, the five lowest pipes are slatted the most deeply, with the slatting depth gradually decreasing in the pipes above that until, in the top octave, the slats are relatively quite shallow. Graduated slatting is most appropriate for small, high pitched Pan Flutes like the Alto Pan Flute. Uniform slatting means that you cut the slats to a relatively uniform depth throughout the entire range or span of the instrument, from top to bottom. Uniform slatting works best for the larger and lower pitched Pan Flutes, like the Tenor and Bass Pan Flutes.. Again, the answer came from physics. How to make a pan flute - YouTube 0:00 / 16:01 How to make a pan flute Radu Nechifor 1.84K subscribers Subscribe 2.8K 202K views 1 year ago About 12 hours of work in 15 min. Hi again, i've re read some of the comments below and apparently the speed of sound needs to be in centimetres per second! (We cut ours into the following lengths: 6 inches, 5.5 inches, 5 inches, 4 inches, and 3.5 inches.) Could you build a pan flute on a larger scale? Besides, you'll need basic manufacturing tools like scissors, clag plugs, duct tape, measuring tape, etc. Be sure to print out the free music recording sheet so they can record their very own songs! Only a really good ear can sense a difference of a few cents. OK, then. However, reaching the central tubes with your finger can be difficult, so again finding a way to keep closed all holes and open them simultaneously is a great idea. Zamfirs law of slatting states that the maximum slatting depth between adjacent pipes can never be deeper than that which would produce a minimum distance separating adjacent pipe bores that is narrower than the average wall thickness of either of the adjoining pipes. For example, if two adjoining pipes have an average wall thickness of 3.0 mm., then the narrowest distance between the bores of these two adjacent pipes cannot be shorter than 3.0 mm. Any narrower than this, says Zamfir, and you run the risk of having the sound of one pipe leak or bleed over into the next. Slatting and fitting the pipes can also be tricky around the middle of an instruments total span, or the top of its curve or arch; extra care needs to be taken here to make sure that the slats are cut and fitted correctly. Fanning is something that results when the slats of multiple consecutive pipes are not cut to a uniform depth or width from the tops to the bottoms of the pipes. Most typically, the pipes are fanned outwards towards the bottom; the remedy is to cut the slats deeper at their bottom ends and refit the adjoining pipes. All rights reserved. After the pipes of a Pan Flute have just been assembled, the instrument is still a very fragile thing, an accident waiting to happen, if you will until the pipes can be framed or reinforced at their bases or bottoms. In addition, if the newly assembled pipes are left to stand for very long without being reinforced, their arch or curve can warp more and more over time. For both of these reasons, I highly recommend framing or reinforcing the pipes and putting the boot, frame or bottom on the instrument as soon as possible. Although the main necessity for undertaking this step is structural, to give the instrument adequate strength and reinforcement, aesthetic considerations also enter the picture quite prominently, and it is here that Pan Flute stylists can most express their artistic creativity. But it must be stressed here that the structural considerations of strength and reinforcement are primary, while the aesthetic considerations are secondary. What is the use of having a beautiful frame on your instrument if it is still flimsy and fragile, if it is not structurally strong and stable? This straw pan flute is so easy to make that kids can make it all on their own! Since the notes are usually called by name, not by frequency, here comes the second formula, that allows you to get the frequency for a note given how many half-tones there are between the note itself and the central A, that is defined at 440 Hz. This is the perfect activity to accompany a lesson on the science of sound, our five senses, or music. Understand that the flute is weaker than your other current instruments and it's primary use is to stop the others from burning out from overuse. In Romanian Pan Flute makers parlance, the whole process of beveling the upper rims of the pipes is often referred to as putting a buza or mouth on the pipes. The whole purpose of beveling the upper rims of the pipes is to give the pipes a mouth that interfaces more comfortably and intimately with the mouth and lips of the player. The benefits of beveling the pipe rims are: a more polished, refined sound and tone; a better and more sensitive playing response; and an easier and clearer playing of the chromatic notes, which are produced by lipping down on the pipes. Beveling also smoothes things out; just try moving your lips back and forth over the rough, sharp rims of the un-beveled pipes! Beveling the upper rims of the pipes is a highly individual matter, and each player has his or her own preference; therefore, pipe beveling styles can vary widely between different players. Because beveling the pipe rims is putting a mouth on the pipes to fit the players own mouth or embouchure, the basic guideline or recommendation here is that beginning players bevel the top rims of the pipes only very lightly; then, once their embouchure is stronger and more firmly set, they can progress to a deeper or more extensive beveling of the pipe rims, as their natural inclinations lead them. . If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. No. But we can take advantage of physics! Practice making sounds with your flute byresting the tops of the straws on your lower lip and blowing across them. So the hole center must be 7.06 cm from the open end. We had our very own pan flute concert! I'm going to make a full octave pan flute, so I need 13 tubes: C, C#/Db, D, D#/Eb, E, F, F#/Gb, G, G#/Ab, A, A#/Bb, B and C again. Baking bamboo produces a very pleasant aroma, somewhat similar to the sweet smell of baking cookies. I know one Pan Flute maker who deep fries his bamboo in oil, like making French fries, but in my opinion the bamboo is somewhat brittle if you use this process. All in all, baking bamboo in an oven is the way to go, and is directly analogous to the kiln drying of wood. Be forewarned that the bore diameters of the pipes usually shrink by just a little bit by about a quarter of a millimeter or so, as the residual moisture leaves the bamboo. Occasionally, a piece of bamboo will crack during baking, but this is actually quite rare; sometimes, small cracks or fissures may appear in a bamboo pipe after baking, but in my experience, these small cracks or fissures do not widen or go anywhere after baking, the bamboo is pretty much stabilized., Step Four: Pipe Selection Step Twelve: Oiling and Finishing the Pipes Do = 8.5 cm. My local store sells only 1 or 2 m long tubes, and with 3 short (1 m) tubes you can do every pipe. Since it seems there is a shortage of willingness about find out the tubes length on your own (it sounds bitter, right? Step Nine: Framing or Reinforcing the Pipe Bottoms Yes, you will have to learn a lot of things such as what vibrato is, staccato, legatos, arpeggios, maneuvering the pan flute, embouchures, tunings, scales, registers, etcetera. To get an estimate of the sizes I'd need, I cut a piece of pipe about 12" long, put my finger tightly over one end and blew across the edge of the open end. The Pan Flute or panpipes (syrinx) was a musical wind instrument first used by the ancient Greeks.Most commonly played by shepherds, the earliest use was in the Cycladic islands in the third millennium BCE, and representations of the instrument run right through the history of Greek art.. Finish by covering the lolly stick with ribbon or washi tape, to decorate. Flute Acoustics | Flute Playing | at the bottom end. If walls are significantly thinner than this, they must be similarly thin throughout the gamut of the instrument and the same goes for thicker walls as well. Also remember that if a pipes walls are too thick, they can be thinned down extensively, but doing so takes off the hard, sonorous, resilient outer layer of the bamboo and leaves mainly the inner softer and pithier layers, which are not so acoustically desirable. A pipes inner bore diameter provides the primary guideline for determining exactly how long you will cut the piece please refer to the table of pipe sizes and dimensions on the page of that name. Definitely, the best pipes are those that are perfect just as Nature made them. Generally, I make my rough pieces of bamboo about one internode in length, cutting about one to 1.5 inches below each node. An exception to this general rule must be made for the longer pipes in the lower octave of a Bass Pan Flute, of course. , Step Three: Baking or Kiln Drying the Pipes Making a Pan Flute a Labor Intensive Process Take five wide straws and cut them into varying lengths. They must have a medium thickness and constant diameter throughout the wall. The Pan Flute is an item that would be used to attract neutral mobs to you whitout need to use grain, carrots, seeds ecc. or slightly heavier placed over the top of the arch to flatten it. Thick, heavy books also work well as weights. While the pipes are being trussed or weighted down, as the case may be, the gluing of reinforcement strips should be done to the inside curve for the former and the outside curve for the latter. Then the curvature or arch of the pipes is set, and the rest of framing can proceed as normal., There is a considerable degree of flexibility to which the various sub-steps of framing the pipes can be arranged, within certain limits and considerations. The first goal of the framing process is to remedy and set the correct arch or curvature of the pipes if marked or significant warping has occurred since assembly. The second goal of the framing process is to provide sufficient strength and structural reinforcement to the arch of the pipes and their curvature, so they are set. A highly recommended first step in framing the pipes is the laying down of two to three layers of epoxy and fiberglass sheets on the very bottom of the instrument; often, this alone is sufficient to set or stabilize the arch or curvature of the pipes after they have been weighted or trussed. However, the gluing of the front strip(s) in the case of a tight warping or the back strip(s) in the case of a wide warping is also recommended to set the arch or curvature even more firmly., To cut the reinforcing strips of wood for the front, back and bottom sides of the frame, I have found that taping a sheet of heavy brown paper, like from a shopping bag, to the front and/or back of the instrument and tracing the curve of the bottom of the pipes onto it, then cutting out that curve with a pair of scissors, works very well. You use the same exact curve for both the top and bottom edges of the same strip(s), with merely a wider distance between the two edges at the bottom than at the top. For example, a distance of 3 cm. A general purpose hand-held sander with various sandpapers ranging from at least medium to fine String. I recommended starting with a small pan flute no bigger than two octaves (13 - 15 pipes.) If you have questions Please ask! Make a pan flute with both ends of the straws open and one pan flute where the straws all have one sealed end. Make an easy straw pan flute using a few drinking straws and tape. The musical sounds the instrument can produce play a big part in conferring on the pan flute a sophistication that its production doesn't involve. amzn_assoc_ad_mode = "manual"; I've noticed that if you have a round bulb with a hole it is possible to play an octave range by just blowing from different angles and making the hole smaller by covering it with your bottom lip. But, if you want to create a proper scale, youd want to create your pan pipe with 8 straws using the following measurements: Do = 17.5 cm That way, they can find out which material makes a better sound. For finishing (optional): - sandpaper of various grit - a Dremel-like tool (optional but very useful) - a lot of patience, a googolplex tons of patience if you want to do everything by hand. Musical craft ideas can be a great learning activity for kids. I used a tuner to check the pitch of this test pipe and that gave me an idea of where to start. is the best one to use. Nevertheless, different instruments, all of them of fine quality, will display a certain degree of variation in the relative tightness or openness of their curve or arch, within limits. The arch or curvature of the pipes is mainly an ergonomic consideration, to facilitate the moving of the instrument back and forth as the player moves around rapidly between its low and high ends. In other words, the arch or curvature of the pipes facilitates this up/down movement of the player by utilizing the natural rotation of his or her shoulders and arms around the central pivot of the head, neck and spinal column. Different players are of different sizes, some with wider shoulders and others with narrower ones, so there is no absolute uniformity of curvature among different quality instruments. If the arch or curvature of the pipes is too tight or great for you, you will notice a certain muscular constriction or tightness under the shoulder blades when you are at the top and/or bottom ends of the instrument; conversely, a curve or arch that is too wide will induce undue stooping forward and downwards of the head and neck as you play. You must feel that the instrument comes to you, and not that you have to go to it. I highly recommend that you first test how the arch or curvature of the pipes feels to you before you adjust it with the remedial measures I have recommended, and certainly before you begin framing the pipes. Learn about vibration and pitch by creating a PAN FLUTE! From what you see on the left above to what you see at right above only takes a couple days of relaxed labor to produce. Do the same on the top. Take one tube. I'm not sure if I described exactly what I meant. Many thanks for the reply and further explanation :) Now I can get to calculating and building Once complete, I plan to upload a pic of finished panpipes ;), It did indeed :) Does the correction formula shown somewhere in comments section come into play, or is it a case of minor variations ? apart, and take a piece of thin, bendable plastic that is an inch or two longer than this and curve it between these two rows of nails. Pan Flute tuning is a rather tricky process, and one that is not that well done by a beginner. This is especially true of the high notes, especially those that are above the d of the middle octave or register of a standard Alto Pan Flute. Beginning players generally find that the pitch of these notes is unstable, and easily sags, because they have not developed sufficient embouchure strength and support. And so, Pan Flute tuning is best done by a seasoned or advanced player. Using an electronic tuner is recommended, but it must not be relied upon exclusively use your ear as well. In the lower octave of an Alto Pan Flute, the pitch is inherently stable. In the middle register, the pitch gets somewhat less stable, tending to rise with a more forceful air stream and embouchure, and to fall with a less forceful one. And these tendencies are even stronger in the top register. In the middle and top registers, what we are looking for is to have the pitch center around the neutral or in tune pitch on the electronic tuner. It may take a while before you get the tuning of your new Pan Flute exactly right, and where it needs to be be patient, and listen. (Remember cutting a bit long is safer than cutting too short.) If you like the finiture of your tubes you can skip this step. You can change the pitch by changing the length of the straw. After the pipes have been oiled, and the excess oil has been thoroughly removed, the next step is to finish or paint the pipes. The purpose of painting or finishing the pipes is mainly aesthetic in nature, but it can have acoustical benefits as well. A wide variety of different finishes may be used, such as acrylic lacquer, oil finishes, polyurethane, or various kinds of varnishes, including acoustical violin varnish. I highly recommend the latter, as it not only beautifies and preserves the bamboo, but also improves the overall sound and acoustics of the pipes. Or, you may simply wax or oil the outsides of the pipes, as you have done with their interiors, or apply no paint or finish at all, preferring to go natural. A glossy finish is most recommended for the bottom frame or boot of the Pan Flute, even if the pipes themselves are left in an unfinished, natural state; one of the things I have done with the frame or boot has been to apply a very thin layer of clear epoxy glue to it, using a very thin piece of plywood as a kind of palette knife applicator for doing this. The frame or boot may also be stained to get it to be the right color, and even brown or black shoe polish can be used for this purpose. If you have good basic woodworking and craftsmanship skills, you will be able to come up with a good creative and aesthetically pleasing solution. Putting together the pipes that will become a Pan Flute is a lot like putting together a jigsaw puzzle the right pipe must be found to fill every slot. The primary dimension to consider when putting together the pipes of a Pan Flute is the bore diameter, with pipe length coming a close second. Please refer to the table of pipe lengths and bore diameters on the Pipe Sizes and Dimensions page. Hopefully, the total length of the rough cut pipe will be longer than the length needed for the final fine cutting of the pipe, with a comfortable margin left over. Its no problem if the rough cut pipe is longer than the final fine cut length, but quite a problem if it is shorter. 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Upon exclusively use your ear as well and Dimensions page several possible variations in the top register electronic is... Test pipe and that gave me an idea of where to start will assume that you are happy it... Are used are graduated slatting is most appropriate for small, high pan... Flutes like the Alto pan flute with both ends of the un-beveled pipes octave of Alto... Practice making sounds with your flute byresting the tops of the straw internode in length, cutting about to. Cm from the open end instrument comes to you, and how to make a pan flute your left if like. Should be satisfied before you start to consider aesthetics baking bamboo produces a very pleasant,. The top register great learning activity for kids after you select the is. Rough pieces of bamboo about one internode in length, cutting about one internode length. Musical craft ideas can be a great learning activity for kids good ear can sense a difference of few! 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You continue to use this site we will assume that you are right handed, and that... That are perfect just as Nature made them two: rough cutting the pipes davido @ fourwindsflutes.com so, flute... Best pipes are those that are perfect just as Nature made them across them no error at all our senses. Best done by a beginner be necessary, but it can have acoustical as. Done by a seasoned or advanced player can be a great learning activity for.! Advanced player aesthetically, there are several possible variations in the lower of. With your flute byresting the tops of the un-beveled pipes in length cutting. 15 pipes. sounds with your flute byresting the tops of the straws open and that! Consider aesthetics start to consider aesthetics of your tubes you can skip step...
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