roduction test is just like a dr

A production test is just like a drawdown test, except that it is generally run for a longer period of time. He published over 40 papers in peer-reviewed journals, and two Chinese books. This article is about the oil well test.

This is a productivity test to demonstrate that adequate rates can be obtained from the well. [3] The separator divides the flow from the well into the streams of individual products which typically are oil, gas and water, but may include natural-gas condensate.

Use of Well Test Analytical Solutions for Production Prediction. Since 2004, he has been a Research Engineer in Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development (RIPED)-Langfang Branch, which is the R&D center of China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC). We would like to ask you for a moment of your time to fill in a short questionnaire, at the end of your visit. If you wish to place a tax exempt order please contact us. Dr. Hedong Sun received his PhD degree from Xian Jiaotong University in 2004. SPE-161000-MS. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/161000-MS. Bourgeois, M., and Couillens, P. 1994. Senior Reservoir Engineer, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, CNPC, China, Dynamic Well Testing in Petroleum Exploration and Development, Authors: Huinong Zhuang, Yongxin Han, Hedong Sun, Xiaohua Liu, Sales tax will be calculated at check-out, Presents the latest research results of conventional and unconventional gas field dynamic well testing, Focuses on advances in gas field dynamic well testing, including well testing techniques, well test interpretation models and theoretical developments, Includes more than 100 case studies and 250 illustrationsmany in full colorthat aid in the retention of key concepts. testing types manual software qa test methodologies automation different various application process tester difference between techniques 360logica end under softwaretestingclass Well testing. Accounts for variable rate history and applications. Now is serving SPT Energy Group Inc. as its chief geologist. SPEBookstore or WorldCat, Gochnour, J.R. and Slater, G.E. Senior Reservoir Engineer, Research Institue of Petroleum Exploration and Development, CNPC, China 1977. Her focus is combining well short term PBU with long period performance and geology to propose production optimization. Since he graduated from Daqing Petroleum Institute in 1989, Yongxin Han has worked in RIPED and specialized in pressure transient analysis, production data analysis, and dynamic gas reservoir description. Richardson, Tex: Henry L. Doherty Memorial Fund of AIME, Society of Petroleum Engineers. SPE-77452-PA. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/77452-PA. Wei, L., Hadwin, J., Chaput, E., et al. Presented at the SPE Eastern Regional Meeting, Lexington, Kentucky, USA, 3-5 October. Privacy Policy In the absence of accurate, robust and low-cost multi-phase flow meters, large oil fields with thousands of wells continue to rely on well tests as the primary source of information for production surveillance. The reconciliation of these measurements with the flow tests, along with a systematic mechanism to account for measurement noise, leads to improved per well rate estimation accuracy. To perform a well test successfully one must be able to measure the time, the rate, the pressure, and control the rate. Hedong has over 18 years of reservoir engineering experience with a focus on well test analysis and production analysis. [6] Multiphase flow meters are not suitable for all applications where clean-ups are required post workover. Al Rbeawi, S.J.H., and Tiab, D. 2012. [1], Professionals working with reservoir modelling may get information about the rock permeability from core samples. Chapter 1 Introduction1.1 THE PURPOSE OF THIS BOOK1.1.1 Well Test: A Kind of System Engineering1.1.2 Well Test: Multilateral Cooperation1.1.3 Writing Approaches of this Book1.2ROLE OF WELL TEST IN GAS FIELD EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT1.2.1Role of Well Test in Exploration1.2.1.1Drill Stem Test (DST) of Exploration Wells1.2.1.2Exploration Well Completing Test1.2.1.3Reserves evaluation1.2.2Role of Well Test in Predevelopment1.2.2.1Deliverability Test of Development Appraisal Wells1.2.2.2Transient Well Test of Development Appraisal Wells1.2.2.3Well Test of Production Test Wells1.2.2.4Selection and Evaluation of Stimulation Treatment1.2.2.5Verifying Reserves and Making the Development Plan1.2.3 Role of Well Test in Development1.3KEYS OF WELL TEST ANALYSIS1.3.1Direct Problem and Inverse Problem in Well Test Research1.3.2How to Understand Direct Problems1.3.2.1Analyzing the Formation Where the Oil/Gas Well Locates and Classifying it Geologically1.3.2.2 Classifying, Simulating, and Reproducing Formation from the Viewpoint of Flow Mechanics1.3.2.3Constructing the Well Test Interpretation Model and Resolving the Related Problem1.3.2.4Expression Forms of Research Results of Resolving Direct Problems in Well Test1.3.3Describing Gas Reservoirs: Resolving Inverse Problem1.3.3.1Well test design1.3.3.2Acquiring Pressure and Flow Rate Data Onsite1.3.3.3Graphical Analysis in Well Test Interpretation1.3.3.4Well Test Interpretation Combining Actual Formation Conditions1.3.3.5Recommend Knowledge Obtained from Well Test Interpretation to be Applied in Gas Field Development1.3.4Computer-Aided Well Test Analysis1.4CHARACTERISTICS OF MODERN WELL TEST TECHNOLOGY1.4.1One of the Three Key Technologies of Reservoir Characterizations1.4.1.1The Distinct Information Here Includes the Following1.4.1.2Deficiencies of Well Test Technology1.4.21.4.2 Methods of Gas Reservoir Dynamic Description 251.4.2.1Dynamic Reservoir Description with Deliverability of Gas Wells at the Core1.4.2.2New Thoughts in Gas Reservoir Dynamic DescriptionChapter 2Introduction2.1BASIC CONCEPTS2.1.1Steady Well Test and Transient well Test2.1.1.1Steady Well Test2.1.1.2Transient Well Test2.1.2Well Test Interpretation Models and Well Test Interpretation Type Curves2.1.3Dimensionless Quantities and Pressure Derivative Curve in Well Test Interpretation Type Curves2.1.4Wellbore Storage Effect and its Characteristics on Type Curves2.1.4.1 Implications of Wellbore Storage Effect2.1.4.2 Order of Magnitude of Wellbore Storage Coefficient2.1.4.3Characteristics of Wellbore Storage Effect on Well Test Interpretation Type Curves2.1.5Several Typical Flow Patterns of Natural Gas and their Characteristics on Interpretation Type Curves2.1.5.1Radial Flow2.1.5.2Steady Flow2.1.5.3Pseudo-Steady Flow2.1.5.4Spherical Flow and Hemispherical Flow2.1.5.5Linear Flow2.1.5.6Pseudo-radial Flow2.1.5.7Flow Condition in Formation Having been Improved or Damaged2.1.6Skin Effect, Skin Factor and Equivalent Borehole Radius2.1.7Radius of Influence2.1.8Laminar Flow and Turbulent Flow2.2Gas flow equations2.2.1Definition of Reservoir as a Continuous Medium2.2.2Flow Equations2.2.2.1Deriving Flow Equations Based on Three Basic Equations2.2.2.2Average Flowing Velocity and Flow Velocity of Unit Cell2.2.2.3 Darcys Law Applied for Flow of Viscous Fluid2.2.2.4Continuity Equation2.2.2.5State Equation of Gas2.2.2.6 Subsurface Flow Equations of Natural Gas2.2.2.7Dimensionless Expressions of Gas Flow Equations2.2.2.8Boundary Conditions and Initial Conditions for Solving Gas Flow Equations2.3SummaryChapter 3Gas Well Deliverability Test and Field Examples3.1GAS WELL DELIVERABILITY AND ABSOLUTE OPEN FLOW POTENTIAL (AOFP) 3.1.1 Meanings of Gas Well Deliverability3.1.2Gas Well Deliverability Indices3.1.2.1Deliverability of a Gas Well3.1.2.2Absolute Open Flow Potential of Gas Wells3.1.2.3Validity of AOFP3.1.2.4Initial and Dynamic AOFP3.1.3Initial Deliverability, Extended Deliverability, and Allocated Production of Gas Well3.1.3.1Initial Deliverability Index3.1.3.2 Extended Deliverability Index3.1.3.3Allocating Flow Rate Index3.2THREE CLASSICAL DELIVERABILITY TEST METHODS3.2.1Back-Pressure Test Method3.2.2Isochronal Test Method3.2.3Modified Isochronal Test Method3.2.4Simplified Single Point Test3.2.4.1Stable Point LIT Deliverability Equation3.2.4.2AOFP Calculation With Single Point Test Method3.2.5 Schematic Diagram of Calculating Pressure Differential for Various Test Methods3.3TREATMENT OF DELIVERABILITY TEST DATA3.3.1Two Deliverability Equations3.3.1.1Exponential Deliverability Equation3.3.1.2LIT Equation3.3.2 Difference between Two Deliverability Equations3.3.2.1If Gas Flow Rate of Tested Well During Testing is Higher Than 50% of AOFP, Calculation Results of Two Deliverability Equations are Similar3.3.2.2Greater Error Generates from Exponential Deliverability Equation if Pressure Differences are Small of all Test Points3.3.3Three Different Pressure Expressions of Deliverability Equation3.4PARAMETER FACTORS INFLUENCING GAS WELL DELIVERABILITY3.4.1 Expressions of Coefficients A And B in Deliverability Equation of a Well In Infinite Homogeneous Reservoir3.4.1.1Analysis of Expression of A [Equation (3.22)]3.4.1.2Analysis of Expression of B [Equation (3.23)]3.4.2Deliverability Equation When Gas Flow Entering into Pseudo-steady State3.5SHORT-TERM PRODUCTION TEST COMBINED WITH MODIFIED ISOCHRONAL TEST IN GAS WELLS3.5.1Pressure Simulation of Tested Wells3.5.2 Improvement of AOFP Calculation Methods In Modified IsochronalTest3.5.2.1Classical Method3.5.2.2Improved Calculation Method3.5.2.3 Comparison of Two Calculation Methods3.6STABLE POINT LAMINAR-INERTIAL-TURBULENT (LIT) DELIVERABILITY EQUATION3.6.1 Background of Bringing Forward Stable Point LIT Deliverability Equation3.6.1.1Puzzles in Determining Gas Well Deliverability by Classical Methods3.6.1.2Existing Problems of Classical Methods3.6.2Stable Point LIT Deliverability Equation3.6.2.1 Characteristics of New-Type Deliverability Equation3.6.2.2The New Method is Supplement and Improvement of The Original Classical Deliverability Test Method3.6.3Theoretical Deduction and Establishment of Stable Point LIT Deliverability Equation3.6.3.1Classification of Parameters Influencing Coefficients A and B3.6.3.2 Determination of Deliverability Coefficient kh and Establishment of Initial Deliverability Equation3.6.4Field Examples3.6.4.1Application of Initial Stable Point LIT Equation in Well Kl-2053.6.4.2LIT Equation Established in SLG Gas Field3.6.5Methods of Establishing Dynamic Deliverability Equation3.6.5.1Initial stable point LIT equation is established firstly3.6.5.2Establishment of dynamic deliverability equation3.6.5.3Deliverability decline process in gas wells3.6.6Stable Point LIT Equation of Horizontal Wells3.6.6.1Theoretical Deduction of Stable Point LIT Equation for Horizontal Wells3.6.6.2Establishment the Initial Stable Point LIT Deliverability Equation for Horizontal Wells3.6.6.3Method of Establishing Dynamic Deliverability Equation3.7 PRODUCTION PREDICTION IN DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM DESIGNING OF GAS FIELDS3.7.1Deliverability Prediction of Wells with Available Well Test Data3.7.1.1Determining Gas Well Flow Rate with Reasonable Producing Pressure Differential3.7.1.2Gas Flow Rate is Determined by Intersection of the Inflow Performance Relationship and Outflow Performance Relationship Curves3.7.1.3Determining Deliverability During the Process of Formation Pressure Depletion3.7.1.4Other Limitations for Gas Flow Rate3.7.2Deliverability Prediction of Production Wells in Development Program Designing3.7.2.1Establishing the Deliverability Equation of the Whole Gas Field3.7.2.2Plotting Distribution Map of kh Value over the Whole Gas Field and Determination of kh Value at Well Point3.7.2.3Calculating Rational Flow Rate of Planned Wells in the Development Program by Deliverability Equation3.8DISCUSSION ON SEVERAL KEY PROBLEMS IN DELIVERABILITY TEST3.8.1Design of Deliverability Test Points3.8.1.1Design of Flow Rate Sequence3.8.1.2Stabilization of Gas Flow Rate3.8.1.3Selection of Duration For Each Test Point3.8.2Why Calculated AOFP Sometimes is Lower Than Measured Wellhead Flow Rate3.8.3Existing Problems in Calculating AOFP by Backpressure Test Method3.8.3.1 Backpressure Test for Homogeneous Formations3.8.3.2Backpressure Test for Fractured Wells in Channel Homogeneous Formation3.8.4Method and Analysis of Single-Point Deliverability Test and its Error3.8.4.1Single-Point Deliverability Test3.8.4.2Two Examples of AOFP Calculation Formulae for Single-Point Test in Development Areas of Gas Field3.8.4.3Some Examples of AOFP Calculation Formulae for Single-Point Test Method for Exploration Wells3.8.4.4Errors Analysis of Single-Point Deliverability Test Method3.8.5Deliverability Test without Any Stable Flow Points3.8.6Discussion on Wellhead Deliverability3.8.7Manually Calculating the Coefficients A and B in Deliverability Equation and AOFP3.8.7.1Data Acquisition3.8.7.2 Establishment of Transient Deliverability Equation3.8.7.3Establishment of Stabilized Deliverability Equation3.8.7.4Calculating AOFP3.9SummaryChapter 4Gas Reservoir Characteristics with Pressure Gradient Method4.1PRESSURE GRADIENT ANALYSIS OF EXPLORATION WELLS IN THE EARLY STAGE AND SOME FIELD EXAMPLES4.1.1Collection and Processing of Pressure Data4.1.2Pressure Gradient Analysis4.2CALCULATION OF GAS DENSITY AND PRESSURE GRADIENT UNDER FORMATION CONDITIONS4.3PRESSURE GRADIENT ANALYSIS DURING DEVELOPMENT OF A GAS FIELD4.4SOME KEY POINTS IN PRESSURE GRADIENT ANALYSIS4.4.1Accuracy of Acquired Pressure Data4.4.2Pressure Gradient Analysis should be Combined Closely with Geologic Research4.4.2.1The Area-Division of the Reservoir Provided by Pressure Gradient Analysis should be Supported by the Relevant Geological Basis4.4.2.2Analysis of Pressure Gradient Characteristics Provides Supporting Information for Validating Reserves Calculation Results4.4.2.3Analysis of Pressure Gradient Provides Basic Parameters for the Designing of Development Program4.5ACQUISITION OF DYNAMIC FORMATION PRESSURE AFTER A GAS FIELD HAS BEEN PUT INTO DEVELOPMENT4.5.1Dynamic Production Indices During Production of a Gas Field4.5.2Several Formation Pressures with Different Meanings4.5.2.1Measured Average Formation Pressure4.5.2.2Formation Pressure Determined by Deduction Based on Dynamic Model4.5.2.3Calculation of Formation Pressure at Gas Drainage Boundary pe4.5.2.4Other Frequently Used Formation Pressure Concepts4.5.3Performance Analysis with Dynamic Formation Pressures4.5.3.1Research on Reservoir Division4.5.3.2Dynamic Variation Analysis of Pressure Gradient LineChapter 5Gas Reservoir Dynamic Model and Well Test5.1INTRODUCTION5.1.1Static and Dynamic Models of Gas Reservoir5.1.1.1Geological Modeling of Gas Reservoirs5.1.1.2Dynamic Model of Gas Reservoirs and Gas Wells5.1.2Pressure History of a Gas Well Symbolizes the Life History of it5.1.2.1Different Pressure Histories Exist Under Different Reservoirs and/or Different Well Completion Conditions5.1.2.2Pressure History Trend of Gas Well is Determined by Reservoir Conditions 5.1.2.3Main Approach to Confirm Reservoir Dynamic Model is Pressure History Match Verification5.1.3Study Characteristics of Reservoir Dynamic Model Based on Characteristics of Transient Well Test Curves5.1.3.1Different Portions of Transient Pressure Curve Reflect Characteristics of Different Zones of the Reservoir5.1.3.2Pressure Derivative Curve is the Main Basis in Identifying Reservoir Characteristics5.1.3.3Graphics Analytical Method used to Identify Reservoir Dynamic Mode5.2PRESSURE CARTESIAN PLOT-PRESSURE HISTORY PLOT5.2.1Content and Drawing of Gas Well Pressure History Plot5.2.1.1Preprocessing and Data Examination of Gas Well Pressure History Records5.2.1.2Pressure History Plot of Gas Well5.2.2Information About Formation and Well Shown in Pressure History Plot5.2.2.1Pressure History Plot During DST Of Natural Flow Gas Well5.2.2.2 Pressure History Plot during DST of Low Production Rate Gas Well5.3PRESSURE SEMILOG PLOT5.3.1Several Semilog Plots5.3.1.1Pressure Drawdown Analysis Plot5.3.1.2Horner Plot5.3.1.3MDH Plot5.3.1.4Superposition Function Plot5.3.2Semilog Plot used in Analysis by Well Test Interpretation Software5.3.2.1Model Diagnosis in Early Interpretation Process5.3.2.2Verification of Match Analysis Results of Well Test Model5.4LOG-LOG PLOT AND MODEL GRAPH OF PRESSURE AND ITS DERIVATIVE5.4.1Log-log Plots and Type Curves for Modern Well Test Interpretation5.4.1.1Type Curve Analysis is the Core of Modern Well Test Interpretation5.4.1.2Some Common Log-Log Type Curves5.4.2Typical Characteristic CurvesModel Graphs for Well Test Analyses5.5CHARACTERISTIC DIAGRAM AND FIELD EXAMPLES OF TRANSIENT WELL TEST IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF RESERVOIRS5.5.1Characteristic Diagram (Model Graph M-1) and Field Examples of Homogeneous Formations5.5.1.1Homogeneous Formations in Gas Fields5.5.1.2Positioning Analysis5.5.1.3Classied Model Graphs for Positioning Analysis of Homogeneous Formations5.5.1.4Field Examples5.5.2Characteristic Graph of Double Porosity System (Model Graphs M-2 and M-3) and Field Examples5.5.2.1Composition and Flow Characteristics of Double Porosity System5.5.2.2 Several Inuencing Factors in Acquiring Parameters of Double Porosity System5.5.2.3Conditions for High-Quality Data Acquisition and Some Field Examples5.5.3Characteristic Graph of Homogenous Formation with Hydraulic Fractures (Model Graphs M-4 and M-5) and Field Examples5.5.3.1Creation and Retention Mechanism of Hydraulic Fracture5.5.3.2Curve Characteristics of Well Connecting with a High Conductivity Vertical Fracture5.5.3.3Flow Characteristics of in Fracture with Uniform Flow5.5.3.4Vertical Fracture with Finite Conductivity5.5.3.5Fracture Skin Factor and its Effect5.5.4Characteristic Diagram of Wells with Partial Perforation (Model Graph M-6) and Field Examples5.5.4.1Geological Background of Well Completion with Partial Perforation5.5.4.2Flow Model in Cases of Partial Perforation5.5.4.3Field Examples5.5.5Characteristic Diagram and Field Examples of Composite Formation (Model Graphs M-7 and M-8)5.5.5.1Principles for Evaluation of Type of Reservoir Boundary5.5.5.2Geological Conditions of Composite Formations5.5.5.3Model Graph of Composite Formation5.5.5.4Analysis of Field Examples5.5.6Characteristic Graph of Formations with No-Flow Boundaries (Model Graphs M-9-M-13) and Field Examples5.5.6.1Geological Background5.5.6.2Flow Model Graph of a Well with No-Flow Outer Boundary5.5.7Characteristic Graph and Field Examples of Fissured Zone with Boundaries (Model Graphs M-14 and M-15)5.5.7.1Strip-Like Fissured Zone with Directional Permeability5.5.7.2Beaded Fissured Bands5.5.7.3Complex Fissured Zone5.5.8 Characteristic Graph and Field Examples of Condensate Gas Wells5.5.8.1Geological Background and Focused Problems5.5.8.2Model Graphs and Field Examples of Transient Test in Condensate Gas Well5.5.9 Characteristic Graph of Horizontal Wells (Model Graph M-16) and Field Examples5.5.9.1Geological and Engineering Background5.5.9.2Typical Well Test Model Graph5.6SUMMARYChapter 6Interference Test and Pulse Test6.1APPLICATION AND DEVELOPMENT HISTORY OF MULTIPLE-WELL TEST6.1.1Application of Multiple-Well Test6.1.1.1To Identify Formation Connectivity between Wells6.1.1.2To Conrm the Sealing of Faults6.1.1.3To Estimate Interwell Connectivity Parameters6.1.1.4To Identify the Vertical Connectivity of Reservoir6.1.1.5To Study Formation Anisotropy6.1.1.6To Study the Reservoir Areal Distribution and to Conrm the Results of Reserves Estimation6.1.2Historical Development of Multiple-Well Test6.1.2.1Multiple-Well Test Development Abroad6.1.2.2Development of Multiple-Well Test in China6.1.3How to Perform and Analyze the Interference Test and Pulse Test6.1.3.1Factors Affecting Interference Pressure Acquisition6.1.3.2 Dialectic Consideration for Performing Multiple-Well Test Research in a Region6.2PRINCIPLE OF INTERFERENCE TEST AND PULSE TEST6.2.1Interference Test6.2.1.1Test Methods6.2.1.2Parameter Factors Affecting Interference Pressure Response Value6.2.1.3Type Curve Interpretation Method for Interference Test Data6.2.1.4Characteristic Point Interpretation Method for Interference Test6.2.2Pulse Test6.2.2.1Pulse Test Method6.2.2.2Kamals Analysis Method for Pulse Test6.2.2.3Pulse Test Analysis by Conventional Interference Test Type Curve Methods6.2.3Multiple-Well Test Design6.2.3.1Principle of Multiple-Well Test Design6.2.3.2Multiple-Well Test Simulated Design6.2.3.3Make Multiple-Well Test Field Implementation Plan6.3FIELD EXAMPLES OF MULTIPLE-WELL TEST IN OIL AND GAS FIELD RESEARCH6.3.1Interference Test Research in JB Gas Field6.3.1.1Geological Conditions of JB Gas Field6.3.1.2Well Test Design and Operation6.3.1.3Test Results6.3.1.4Parameter Calculation6.3.2SLG Gas Field Interference Test Research6.3.2.1 Overall Geological Conditions of Well Group of Interference Test6.3.2.2Interference Test Well Group Design and Implementation6.3.2.3Interpretation of Interference Test Data6.3.2.4To Identify Rational Well Spacing in SLG Gas Field by Interference Test Results6.3.3Gas Well Interference Test Study in Fault Block Y8 of SL Oil Field6.3.4Test Research on Connectivity between Injector and Producer in Fault Block6.3.4.1Research of Connectivity between Injector and Producer in ST Block 3, SL Oil Field6.3.4.2Research on Isolation of the Fault in Well Y18 Area of SL Oil Field6.3.4.3Efciency Analysis of Injection in Fault Block B966.3.5Comprehensive Evaluation of Multiple-Well Tests in KL Palaeo-Burial Hill Oil Field6.3.5.1Overall Geological Condition of KL Oil Region6.3.5.2Test Arrangement and Achieved Results6.3.5.3Analyzing the Characteristics of Formation Dynamic Model with Multiple-Well Test Results6.4SUMMARYChapter 7Coalbed Methane Well Test Analysis7.1COALBED METHANE WELL TEST7.1.1Function of Coalbed Methane Well Test in Coalbed Methane Reservoir7.1.1.1To Obtain Effective Permeability of Fissures or Cleats in Coalbed7.1.1.2To Obtain Average Reservoir Pressure7.1.1.3To Analysis Damage and Improvement of Coalbeds7.1.1.4To Evaluate Fracturing Effects7.1.1.5To Identify Coalbed Connectivity and Calculate Connectivity Parameters7.1.1.6To Determine of Pore Volume of Coalbed7.1.1.7To Analysis the Development Direction of Fissures7.1.1.8To Detect the Flow Boundaries in Coalbed7.1.2Differences between Coalbed Methane Well Test and Common Gas Well Test7.1.2.1Fluid Seen During Coalbed Methane Well Testing Is Often Water7.1.2.2Do Not Show Flow Characteristics of the Double Porosity Medium7.1.2.3Purpose and Analysis Methods Depend On Production Stages7.2FLOW MECHANISM AND WELL TESTING MODELS IN A COALBED7.2.1Structural Characteristics of a Coalbed and Flow of Coalbed Methane7.2.1.1Structure of Coalbed and Reserve of Methane7.2.1.2Flow Process in Coalbed Methane Production7.2.2Typical Dynamic Models of Coalbed Methane Well Test7.2.3Water Single-Phase Flow Characteristics and Data Interpretation Methods7.2.4Single-Phase Flow of Methane Desorption and Well Test Analysis Method7.2.4.1Coalbed Conditions7.2.4.2Flow Equation7.2.4.3Analyzing Coalbed Methane Well Test Data by Conventional Method7.2.4.4Characteristics of Well Test Curves When Desorption Happens7.3INJECTION/FALLOFF WELL TEST METHOD FOR COALBED METHANE WELLS7.3.1Equipment and Technology for Injection/Falloff Well Testing7.3.1.1Test String7.3.1.2Measuring Instruments7.3.1.3Water Injection Pump7.3.1.4Testing Process7.3.2Well Test Design of Injection/Falloff7.3.2.1Selection of Shut-In Mode7.3.2.2Calculation of Injection Pressure7.3.2.3Calculation of Water Injection Rate7.3.2.4Determination of Water Injection Volume7.3.2.5Determination of Inuence Radius and Injection Duration7.3.2.6Effect of Coalbed Elastoplasticity7.3.3Data Examination and Analysis Methods of Injection/Falloff Well Testing7.3.3.1Variable Wellbore Storage Effect in Injection/Falloff Test Process7.3.3.2Inspection of Abnormal Changes of Test Curves7.3.3.3Comments on Data Examination and Analysis7.4ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF INJECTION/FALLOFF TEST DATA7.4.1Interpretation Methods7.4.1.1 Model Types7.4.1.2Interpretation Procedure7.4.2Real Field Example7.4.2.1Well Ex 1-A Coalbed Methane Well Completed with Fracturing7.4.2.2Well Ex 2-A Perforated Completion Coalbed Methane Well7.5SUMMARYChapter 8Gas-field Production Test and Dynamic Gas Reservoir Description8.1 PRODUCTION TEST IN SPECIAL LITHOLOGIC GAS FIELDS IN CHINA8.1.1Special Lithologic Gas Field in China8.1.2 Production Test: An Effective Way to Solve Problems in Development of Special Lithologic Gas Reservoirs8.1.3Procedure of Production Test in Gas Wells8.1.4Dynamic Reservoir Description Based on Production Test Data of Gas Wells8.2DYNAMIC GAS RESERVOIR DESCRIPTION IN DEVELOPMENT PREPARATORY STAGE OF JB GAS FIELD8.2.1Geological Conditions of JB Gas Field8.2.2 Focuses of the Problems8.2.3Dynamic Study at the Preparatory Stage of Gas Field Development8.3 SHORT-TERM PRODUCTION TEST AND EVALUATION OF GAS RESERVOIR CHARACTERISTICS IN KL-2 GAS FIELD8.3.1 Geological Condition8.3.2Procedure and Results of Well Test Analysis8.3.3Gas Reservoir Description of KL-2 Gas Field8.4TRACING STUDY ON GAS RESERVOIR DYNAMIC DESCRIPTION OF SLG GAS FIELD8.4.1Overview of SLG Gas Field8.4.2Geological Situation of SLG Gas Field8.4.3Dynamic Description Process of SLG Gas Field8.4.4Dynamic Description Result of Typical Wells8.4.5 Knowledge Obtained From the Dynamic Description of SLG Gas Field8.5DYNAMIC RESERVOIR DESCRIPTION OF YL GAS FIELD8.5.1Overview of YL gas eld8.5.2Deliverability Analysis For Production Wells in Main Gas Production Area8.5.3Establishing the Dynamic Models of Gas Wells and Carrying on the Tracing Study8.5.4Analysis of Reservoir Pressure Gradient of YL Gas Field8.5.5Comparison of Reservoir Characteristics Between YL Gas Field and SLG Gas Field8.6STUDY ON DYNAMIC DESCRIPTION OF GAS RESERVOIR IN DF GAS FIELD8.6.1Overview of DF Gas Field8.6.2Evaluation of Initial Deliverability and Dynamic Deliverability8.6.3Dynamic Description of Gas Wells and Gas Reservoirs8.6.4Long-term Dynamic Performance Analysis in DF Gas Field8.6.5Comprehensive Knowledge of DF Gas Field8.7DYNAMIC DESCRIPTION OF LONGWANGMIAO - CARBONATE GAS RESERVOIR IN MOXI BLOCK OF ANYUE GAS FIELD, SICHUAN BASIN8.7.1Overview8.7.2Static geological characteristics8.7.3Concept of dynamic reservoir description8.7.4Recognitions of productivity dominating factors in the appraisal stage8.7.5Description of shoal distribution through tracing study of well testing analysis8.7.6Conclusions8.8DYNAMIC DESCRIPTION OF FRACTURED TIGHT SANDSTONE GAS RESERVOIR WITH ULTRA-HIGH PRESSURE IN KESHEN GAS FIELD, TARIM BASIN8.8.1 Overview8.8.2Basic reservoir characteristics8.8.3 Concept of dynamic reservoir description8.8.4 Dynamic description of gas wells and gas reservoirs8.8.5Recognitions from dynamic description of gas wells and gas reservoirs8.8.6Conclusions8.9DYNAMIC DESCRIPTION OF FRACTURED TIGHT SANDSTONE GAS RESERVOIR WITH ULTRA-HIGH PRESSURE IN KESHEN GAS FIELD, TARIM BASIN8.9.1 Overview8.9.2Basic characteristics of gas reservoir8.9.3Concept of dynamic reservoir description8.9.4Dynamic description of gas wells and gas reservoirs8.9.5 Recognitions from dynamic description of gas wells and gas reservoirs8.9.6Conclusions8.10DYNAMIC DESCRIPTION OF VOLCANIC GAS RESERVOIR8.10.1 Overview8.10.2Basic characteristics of gas reservoir8.10.3Dynamic description of gas wells and gas reservoirs8.10.4Conclusions8.11SUMMARYChapter 9Well Test Design9.1PROCEDURE OF WELL TEST DESIGN AND DATA ACQUISITION9.1.1Procedure of Well Test Design9.1.2Essential Requirements for Data Acquisition9.2KEY POINTS OF SIMULATION DESIGN OF TRANSIENT WELL TEST FOR DIFFERENT GEOLOGIC OBJECTIVES9.2.1Well Test Design for Wells in Homogeneous Formation9.2.2Well Test Design for Wells in Double Porosity Formation9.2.3Well Test Design for Fractured Well in Homogeneous Formation9.2.4Well Test Design for Wells in Formation with Flow Barrier9.2.5Deliverability Test Design for Gas Wells9.2.6Multiple-Well Test Design9.2.7Duties and Principles of Well Test Designers, APPENDIX A Commonly Used Units In Different Unit SystemsAPPENDIX B Unit Conversion From Under China Statutory Unit System (CSU) To Under Other Unit SystemsAPPENDIX CFormulae commonly used in a well test under the China Statutory Unit SystemC.1FORMULAS IN LOG-LOG PLOT ANALYSISC.2FORMULAE IN SEMILOG PRESSURE ANALYSISC.3GAS FLOW RATE FORMULAEC.4Gas well deliverability equationsC.5Pulse test formulae (by Kamal)C.6Other common formulae of gas wellsAPPENDIX DConversion Method of Coefficients In A Formula From Under A Unit System To Under Another OneD.1CONVERSION OF GAS FLOW RATE FORMULAD.2CONVERSION OF DIMENSIONLESS TIME FORMULA.

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roduction test is just like a dr