Sama BK, Kaur P, Thind PS, Verma MK, Kaur M, Singh DD. COVID-19 and obesity in childhood and adolescence: a clinical review. We found a change in eating habits with an increase in consumption of sweet packaged snacks (34%) and processed meat (25%), as well as bread, pizza and bakery products (47%). Each Co-Editor will be in charge of writing a review article and evoking the submission of 34 original papers from external authors. The Feature Paper can be either an original research article, a substantial novel research study that often involves We didnt find a significant correlation between the biochemical parameters before and after the lockdown. Vajro P, Lenta S, et al. We used Kolmogorov-Smirnovs test to study variables distribution, with a non-parametric approach. A Narrative Review, Telehealth: A Useful Tool for the Management of Nutrition and Exercise Programs in Pediatric Obesity in the COVID-19 Era. The population taken into consideration consists of a group of obese and overweight pediatric patients analysed before the COVID-19 pandemic, followed in our Clinic in Messina, Italy. In a second phase, we classified these patients according to the level of their parents instruction in 3 groups (primary school diploma, middle school diploma, high school diploma or degree). Does family history of obesity, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases influence onset and severity of childhood obesity? In fact, the restrictions introduced to limit the spread of the virus had detrimental effects on various lifestyle components. The inclusion criteria were: chronological age between 2 and 18years, BMI SD>1; the exclusion criteria were genetic and endocrinological cause of obesity, diagnosis of chronic diseases, chronic therapies and smoking. A lot of studies show us how high levels of total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, glycemia and low level of HDL in the overweight and obese children are considered as important cardiometabolic risk factors, especially for boys and young men [8]. J Endocrinol Investig. 2021;113(4):98492. The diagnostic value of biomarkers (SteatoTest) for the prediction of liver steatosis. JenssenBP, Kelly M,Powell M, Bouchelle Z, MayneSL, FiksAG, Methods: The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. In addition, we evaluated some of them (20 children) twice from a clinical and laboratory perspective. Gerontology. Sacco, University of Milan, Via Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Universit degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano MI, Italy, Deptartment of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Universit degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano MI, Italy, Stress caused by the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may lead to emotional eating which may have a negative impact on the weight status. Despite this fact, our study shows that the condition of obese children deserves a deeper attention due to the lockdown. Higher EEQ scores were achieved by female respondents compared with males (, (This article belongs to the Special Issue, Background: Lockdown is an effective nonpharmaceutical intervention to reduce coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission, but it restricts daily activity. In particular, the group of parents with primary school diploma had a significantly higher mean number of meals than those with high school diploma/degree (60.7 vs 4.41.3, p-value=0.019).
This study evaluated the effects of the first COVID-19 lockdown on eating habits and body weight in children and adolescents. paper provides an outlook on future directions of research or possible applications. Help us to further improve by taking part in this short 5 minute survey, Effects of COVID-19 on Lifestyle Behaviors in Children with Obesity, Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals, Body Mass and Emotional Eating: Emotional Eater Questionnaire (EEQ) in the Polish Adolescents COVID-19 Experience (PLACE-19) Study, Weight Gain Associated with COVID-19 Lockdown in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, The Effects of COVID-19 on the Eating Habits of Children and Adolescents in Italy: A Pilot Survey Study, Immunonutrition and SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children with Obesity, Combatting Sedentary Behaviors by Delivering Remote Physical Exercise in Children and Adolescents with Obesity in the COVID-19 Era: A Narrative Review, COVID-19 Pandemic as Risk Factors for Excessive Weight Gain in Pediatrics: The Role of Changes in Nutrition Behavior. Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there has been much discussion about the role of diet and antiviral immunity in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Obesity, along with diabetes mellitus, is a predisposing factor for the development and for adverse outcomes of COVID-19. This narrative review aims to describe the most up-to-date evidence on the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in children and adolescents, focusing on the role of excessive weight and weight gain in pediatrics. 
Nutr Rev. However, clinical studies conducted on children affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection and comorbidity are warranted. 2017;102(3):70957. Int J Eat Disord. Prof. Dr. Livio LuziProf. Social distancing, the impossibility to stay physically at school or to spend time with other people gave a huge incentive to social inequality and to health problems, including mental and eating disorders [3, 4]. The descriptive analysis didnt show any statistically significant difference as regards the number of daily meals between the three groups before the lockdown. This study evaluated the effects of the first COVID-19 lockdown on eating habits. PubMed The COVID-19 pandemic has taught us that nutrition education interventions, access to healthy food, as well as family nutrition counselling should be covered by pediatric services to prevent obesity, which worsens disease outcomes related to COVID-19 infection. funny cartoon funnies sunday comics cartoons jokes technology stahler jeff tech confused moderately silly humor yahoo i0 thepediablog Additionally, we also evaluated 20 children twice from a clinical and laboratory perspective. However, long-term consequences cant be excluded. After the lockdown, we contacted all patients in order to get some information about diet, physical activity and sedentary lifestyle changes in correlation to the level of their parents instruction. In December 2020, the American Academy of Pediatrics released interim guidance on how pediatricians can help children and families address healthy lifestyles and obesity management during the pandemic. Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nutrition, and Hepatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. Lamarche B, Brassard D, et al. A total of 439 participants were included. In particular, the global OECD data showed for Italy a 4th position for prevalence of overweight and obese children [24] despite being a country of the Mediterranean area with an excellent balanced diet. The aim is to provide a snapshot of some of the most exciting work Nutraceutical interventions for treating adipose tissue dysfunctions, systemic inflammation, and metabolic disturbances in SARS-CoV-2 infection (23 articles); 5. We considered diabetes a glycemia >126mg/dl [16]. Nutrients. Weihrauch-Blher S, Wiegand S, et al. Gurnani M, Birken C, Hamilton J. Childhood obesity: causes, consequences, and management. Correspondence to 2020;28(6):10089. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.
similac sensitive pro formula nutrition abbott infant iron refer earn wishlist The study showed an increase of daily meals during COVID-19 lockdown (3.20.4 vs 51, P < 0.001). Moreover, the existence of a gutlung axis added new knowledge to on the potential mechanisms by which diet and dietary substances may affect immune function.
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the implementation of policies that mandate various restrictions on daily life, including social distancing, the closure of public services and schools, and movement limitations.
Obesity (Silver Spring). Anna FerrulliGuest Editors. 2019. p. 47. statement and Cacciari E, Milani S, Balsamo A, et al. Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. Vam Buren DJ, Tibbs TL. This dramatically changes the daily routine of children and adolescents, with a large impact on lifestyle and. A tale of two pandemics: how will COVID-19 and global trends in physical inactivity and sedentary behavior affect one another? We must not neglect either the levels of transaminases, like GOT and GPT, for the well-known association between high level of them and the NAFDL, gateway to liver fibrosis [9]. Cacciari E, Milani S, Balsamo A, et al. Foods. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Part of juven nutrition therapuetic powder abbott shipping Kelsey MM, Zaepfel A, et al. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. We asked how many hours children spent doing various activities such as playing videogames, attending online lessons, watching television, additionally to the number of meals before and after the lockdown per day. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Methods: The systematic review and meta-analysis were. On the contrary, we noticed an increased mean number of meals after the lockdown in the 3 categories that were respectively 60.7 vs 5.31.2 vs 4.41.3 respectively. Long COVID-19 syndrome: impact of obesity and diabetes (23 articles): 4. formula gerber start soothe infant nestle baby gentle milk colic fussiness packaging manufacturer based powder refer earn wishlist Changes in diet quality and food security among adults during the COVID-19-related early lockdown: results from NutriQubec. The higher number of daily meals eaten by patients whose parents have elementary school diploma suggest the necessity to improve the awareness of this health problem. The lockdown effects on a pediatric obese population in the COVID-19 era. Analysing the number of daily meals according to the grade of parents instruction, our data is similar to other studies [25]. In addition, almost the totality of the examined population reported an important reduction of the hours spent doing physical activity and admitted to spend more time in sedentary activity, as we can also observe in other studies [6]. Regarding fasting glycemia, we described a situation of fasting glucose intolerance when we had a glycemia of 100-125mg/dl. Cite this article. Telehealth, including tele-exercise and tele-nutrition, has the potential to address many of the key challenges in providing health services, including in patients with obesity during the COVID-19 outbreak. Obes Rev.
2020;21:3104. The same parameters after the lockdown were 83.910.9mg/dl and 21.49.3 IU/ml. Moreover, a markable decrease in physical activity levels and an increase in sedentary behavior is associated with weight gain, especially in children with excessive weight. Cardiometabolic risks and severity of obesity in children and young adults.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. Despite the increase of this parameter, no significant difference was found (p-value=0.0339). For transaminases values, detected by spectrophotometry, we considered pathological level of GOT >27U/L for female and>32U/L for male; we considered pathological level of GPT >26U/L for female; >35U/L for male. On 11th March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the status of global pandemic [1] and many nations adopted measures in order to contain future infections. volume47, Articlenumber:209 (2021) Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. Int J Mol Sci. Telemedicine and telehealth for the management of metabolic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic (23 articles); 3. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
California Privacy Statement, Thirty-eight percent of the United States population is constituted by individuals with obesity. No significant difference was found between these laboratory parameters before and after the lockdown (p>0.05) (Table2). Editors Choice articles are based on recommendations by the scientific editors of MDPI journals from around the world. Poynard T, Ratziu V, et al. Terms and Conditions, Innate and adaptive immunity, obesity, and SARS-CoV-2 infection (23 articles); 6. At the end, for fasting insulinemia, we considered pathological values >16.7 IU/ml [19]. The impact of COVID-19 epidemic on eating disorders: a longitudinal observation of pre versus post psychopathological features in a sample of patients with eating disorders and a group of healthy controls. A total of 59.7% of the participants reported body weight gain, with adolescents gaining more than children (67% vs. 55%, Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there has been much discussion about the role of diet and antiviral immunity in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection. M. Valenzise. Our study has some limitations, like the small sample analysed. COVID-19-related school closings and risk of weight gain among children. Based on the declared height and weight before and during the pandemic, the respondents were categorized according to their body mass (malnourished, normal weight, overweight, obese) and changes in body mass during the COVID-19 pandemic (lost weight, no body mass change, gained weight). 2020;21:e13034. In few words, the childhood obesity question involves the individual and the whole society, with a great impact in the reorganization of welfare services. For a deeper study, it would be necessary to examine trend of a greater sample, considering that there was a second lockdown for lots of countries in the winter of 2021, including Italy. Functional role of dietary intervention to improve the outcome of COVID-19: a hypothesis of work. /*-->*/. The COVID-19 lockdown caused significant changes in everyday life, including in children and adolescents. According to WHO classification, we considered a child to be overweight if BMI was between 85th and 94th percentiles (from 1 to 1,99 DS), obese if BMI was between 95th and 98th percentiles (from 2 to 2,99 DS) and severely obese when BMI was higher than 99th percentiles (>3 DS) [14], using Cacciaris Growth Charts [15, 16]. The mean levels of HDL and LDL were 50.411.6mg/dl and 106.427.5mg/dl before the lockdown and 48.39.3mg/dl and 99.818.5mg/dl after the lockdown. The bidirectional relationship between obesity/diabetes and SARS-CoV-2 infection may partially explain the appearance of long COVID-19 syndrome and its related co-morbidities, such as cognitive dysfunction and cardiopulmonary diseases. 2015;62(4):82140. Its a common belief that doing something now so as to contrast the excess of weight will be helpful in terms of reducing the complications that an obese child might have in the future [26, 27]. COVID-19 lockdown period has had an important impact on the world population. interesting to authors, or important in this field. Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Messina, Italy, M. Valenzise,F. DAmico,U. Cucinotta,C. Lugar,G. Zirilli,A. Zema,M. Wasniewska&G. B. Pajno, You can also search for this author in 2003;61(12):397412. Skinner AC, Perrin EM, Moss LA, Skelton JA. In the current pandemic situation, the intake of a varied and balanced diet, rich in micronutrients and bioactive compounds including fibers, should be recommended. Data show features of 40 obese and overweight pediatric patients of our Clinic in Messina (Italy). In fact, the restrictions introduced to limit the spread of the virus had detrimental effects on various lifestyle components, especially in young population. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). By using this website, you agree to our Ammar A, Brach M, et al. Nutrition during childhood and adolescence is very important for growth and can have long-term health implications. This resulted in augmented levels of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors and a reduced time spent in play outdoors or sport practices. The aims of this study were to analyse the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the behavior changes in a obese pediatric population and to explore the correlation between the new lifestyle and the level of parental instruction. The coexistence of childhood obesity (or its risk) and COVID-19 pandemic put children and adolescents in greater risk to develop respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. The lockdown effects on a pediatric obese population in the COVID-19 era, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-021-01142-0, https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19%2D%2D-11-march-2020, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. Kassir R. Risk of COVID-19 for patients with obesity. Front Endocrinol. Before the lockdown, the whole population analysed had a mean BMI level of 30.95.4, mean GOT and GPT levels respectively of 20.527.3U/L and 28.425.3U/L, a mean glycemia level of 85,712mg/dl, a mean insulinemia level of 25,114,5 IU/ml, a mean total cholesterol level of 181.432mg/dl, mean HDL and LDL levels respectively of 48.412.8mg/dl and 107.528.6mg/dl and a mean triglyceride level of 108.633.9mg/dl. Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Alarmed by some studies that reported a deterioration in the quality of life [22], we focused our attention on the obesity question to understand how the lockdown influenced the possibility to lose weight and the improvement of quality of life in our territory. Eur J Clin Nutr. As we observed in our study, the number of daily meals during the lockdown has significantly increased (p<0.001). For this group, the mean value of BMI before the lockdown was 30.24, which become 325.5 after the lockdown. Visit our dedicated information section to learn more about MDPI. This current situation is causing several consequences not only linked to health, but also to the need of lifestyle changes. The statements, opinions and data contained in the journals are solely Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Pediatric obesityassessment, treatment, and prevention: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. Lastly, we considered pathological values >200mg/dl for total cholesterol, >45mg/dl for HDL, >130mg/dl for LDL, >100mg/dl (0-9years old) and>130mg/dl (10-19years old) for triglyceride [17]. Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Universit degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano MI, Italy, 1. In addition, obesity is the most common comorbidity in severe cases of COVID-19, suggesting that immune dysregulation, metabolic unbalance, inadequate nutritional status, and dysbiosis are key factors in the complex mechanistic and clinical interplay between obesity and COVID-19. Rundle AG, Park Y, et al. MV and FD have written the paper, CL, AZ, GZ, UC have collected the data, MW and GBP have revised the paper. An increasing figure of obesity prevalence is also present in children and adolescents. No significant difference was found between the other groups. The analysis of daily meals before the lockdown showed a mean number of 3.20.4, statistically lower than the value of daily meals during the lockdown (51.3, p-value <0,001). No special The examination involved 40 patients, 17 females (42.5%) and 23 males (57.5%). Italian cross-sectional growth charts for height, weight and BMI (6-20 y). Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This narrative review aims to describe the role of telehealth as an opportunity in the management of pediatric obesity in the COVID-19 era, and to deliver nutrition and exercise programs for the maintenance of health. Find support for a specific problem in the support section of our website. .section-our-research .node-pilot-grants.pilot-grants-teaser__blue-card { display: block; !important} The increased sedentary life, the wrong diet and social distancing have stopped the chance of losing weight. It could be explained by the consumption of caloric and high-energy foods probably eaten because of boredom or stress caused by the limitations lockdown-related. Springer Nature. After the lockdown, 20 patients were evaluated again with a mean age of 12.42.6. N Engl J Med. Intake levels of vitamins D, C, B12, and iron have been demonstrated to be correlated with lower. 2020;28(8):13825. Hall G, Laddu DR, et al. In addition, a family history of obesity, DM2, high blood pressure and dyslipidaemia is associated with earlier and more severe forms of obesity [23]. Through a large pediatric primary care network, we evaluated the shifting rates of obesity for patients attending visits and explored disparities based on age, race and ethnicity, insurance, and income. We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience. Feature 2007;120(Suppl 4):S16492. Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 September 2022 | Viewed by 16481. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website. Article We aimed to investigate the impact of lockdown on pediatric body weight and body mass index (BMI). The necessity to change our lifestyle due to the COVID-19 lockdown forced us to reduce hours of physical activity and to change our diet [20, 21]. For the categorical variables, it has been used Pearsons Test, whereas the U Mann-Whitneys Test for continuous variables. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23368. The use of telehealth technology is a modern approach useful for the delivery of health care services by health care professionals, where distance is a critical factor. Pediatrics. A statistical significance was found when the p-value was <0,05. Its proven that these values are associated with a high risk of NAFLD [9, 18]. Obesity (Silver Spring). The parameters evaluated were weight, height, BMI and other biochemical parameters: total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglyceride, transaminases, glycemia and insulinemia. Italian cross-sectional growth charts for height, weight and BMI (2 to 20 yr). All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. This narrative review aims to describe the role of Telehealth and Tele-exercise as useful tools in the management of pediatric obesity during COVID-19 pandemic. We also found an increase in vegetable, fresh fruit and legume intake (19%), and a reduction in sweet beverage and candy intake. 2022 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated.
Risk factors and implications of childhood obesity. Even though these restrictive measures decreased the COVID-19 spread, they may have detrimental effects on various lifestyle components such as physical inactivity, sedentary behavior, and dietary habits, influencing the maintenance of weight and contributing to obesity among children and adolescents.
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