Hickok managed to fire another shot, wounding the bear's paw. In July, Hickok told a newspaper reporter he had led several soldiers in pursuit of Indians who had killed four men near the fort on 2 July. The story continued that McCanles invaded the Wellmans cabin and prepared to shoot Hickok, who acted faster and shot McCanles in the chest. After the fact, there was much speculation as to whether romantic rivalry had had a role in the incident: Hickok was apparently involved with a woman who had also been involved with the married McCanles. It is also interesting to note, that court documents concerning the incident refer to Hickok as "William B. Hickok". The Union side lost this battle, and their commander was killed. He reported returning with five prisoners after killing ten. In the film version, Howard Keel co-stars as Hickok to Doris Day's Calamity Jane. Hickok once shot and killed his own deputy in error, which was the downfall of his career as a lawman. Lorenzo Butler Hickok spoke with McCall after the trial, and said McCall showed no remorse. In 1859, he joined the Russell, Majors and Waddell freight company, the parent company of the Pony Express. B. Hickok killed by the assassin Jack McCall in Deadwood, Black Hills, August 2d, 1876. He was assigned Buffalo Bill Cody, a sergeant, and five privates. In 1876, Hickok was shot and killed while playing poker in a saloon in Deadwood, Dakota Territory (present-day South Dakota) by Jack McCall, an unsuccessful gambler. The couple had five children besides James Butler, three boys and two girls. Brink, were tried but judged to have acted in self-defense. Hickok returned to Fort Riley after his duties with Sherman were concluded. Military records after 1865 list him as Hickok, but note that he was also known as Haycock. Bonhams . I have been to the cemetery, in Troy Grove, and the family still rests side-by-side in the quiet, and very peaceful older section of the town's cemetery. The enclosure was cut open by souvenir hunters in the 1950s, and the statue was removed.[71]. After the war he became deputy United States Marshal at Fort Riley (1866), Marshal of Hays, Kansas (1869), and Marshal of Abilene (1871). Both men are iconic legends and folk heroes of the Old West; Cody as a cowboy, Pony Express rider, stage coach driver, teamster, Union Army soldier, civilian army scout, buffalo hunter, and ultimately the greatest of showmen; and Hickok as a Union . Hickok's brother, Lorenzo Butler Hickok, traveled from Illinois to attend the retrial and spoke to McCall after the trial, noting that he showed no remorse. Elizabeth later married William Adams in 1648. One night while wandering around New York City he came into a pool room. Under the name "Wild Bill Hitchcock" [sic], the article recounted the "hundreds" of men whom Hickok had personally killed and other exaggerated exploits. His reputation as a marksman in desperate encounters with outlaws made him a frontier legend. Hickok is recorded as appearing in the show developed by Mr. Barnett. Hickok was assigned to bring the men to Topeka for trial, and he requested a military escort from Fort Hays. During the Civil War, he was a Union spy in Missouri. Upon Hickoks arrival, she told him that a Confederate gang led by McCanles was pursuing him, and almost immediately they were set upon by the Confederates. He fought in the Union Army during the American Civil War, and gained publicity after the war as a scout, marksman, and professional gambler. Although the show brought Hickok some much-needed income, he was unhappy, began drinking heavily, and returned to the West in March 1874. He was known as a gunfighter and gambler who fought in the Civil War and was a scout for Custer's Cavalry. Di Certo is the author of ten books and composer of three albums of children's songs. When he saw Hickok, he leveled his cocked rifle at him. Sometime during this incident the name "Wild Bill" was applied to Hickok. On the contrary, he was applauded. Still, there . Tilghman would later become a famous western Marshal himself. But Coe "reckoned without his host." Prairie Schooners is a 1940 American Western film directed by Sam Nelson, which stars Wild Bill Elliott as Hickok. She seems to have had a passion for male clothing, and frequently dressed as a man. Citizens of the town complained to Hickok, who requested that Thompson and Coe remove the image. As the rider approached, she recognized the lone rider. McCanles may have been the first man Hickok killed. [65][66], McCall was summoned before an informal "miners' jury" (an ad hoc local group of miners and businessmen). ", McCall was hanged on 1 March 1877 and buried in the Roman Catholic cemetery. "[56], Martha Jane Cannary, known popularly as Calamity Jane, claimed in her autobiography that she was married to Hickok and had divorced him so he could be free to marry Agnes Lake, but no records that support her account have been found. He then asked them some questions concerning the man he was tracking. The bear attacked, crushing Hickok with its body. He took part in the battle of "Wilson Creek" in Missouri. I would have rather been somewhere else, but Bill stopped. On this fateful day Wild Bill violated one of his own cardinal rules and was sitting with his back to a door. When he did go on patrol he would walk down the center of the street, rarely using the sidewalks. [a][8], In 1855, at age 18, James Hickok fled Illinois following a fight with Charles Hudson, during which both fell into a canal; each thought, mistakenly, that he had killed the other. Hickok's deputies did little to assist him, there was no need. ", Hermon, Gregory (1987). Inside were several local thugs playing pool, and when they saw the long haired frontiersman come in they thought they would have some sport with him. [46]:pp.5456[47], In August 1871, Hickok sought to arrest Hardin for killing Charles Couger in an Abilene hotel "for snoring too loud". A semifictionalized version of Hickok's time as marshal of Abilene Kansas, titled Hickok (2017), stars Luke Hemsworth as Hickok, Trace Adkins as the Bull's Head Saloon keeper Phil Coe, Kris Kristofferson as Abilene mayor George Knox, and Kaiwi Lyman-Mersereau as John Wesley Hardin. James Butler Hickok, a.k.a. The movie The Plainsman (1936), starring Gary Cooper as Hickok, features the alleged romance between Calamity Jane and him as its main plot line. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. 1621. Includes citations for all sources. Born in Illinois in 1837, James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok first gained . Was he shooting back? Lonergan pinned Hickok to the ground, and Kyle put his gun to Hickok's ear. Share. Hickok later would return to the east for another attempt at show business. Interestingly, most newspapers continued to use the name William Haycock when referring to "Wild Bill" until 1869 despite military records after 1865 using his correct name while acknowledging he was also known as Haycock. Hickok quickly drew his pistols and fired back at Coe. Was he shooting back? On August 2, 1876, during a poker game in a saloon that found him with his back uncharacteristically to the door, Hickok was shot in the back of his head by Jack McCall, who may have been hired to kill him. Industries Crime and Terrorism U.S. In 1857, Hickok claimed a 160-acre (65ha) tract in Johnson County, Kansas, near present-day Lenexa. In 1869 Hickok became sheriff of Hays City, Kansas, where he killed several men in shootouts. Charlie Utter, Hickok's friend and companion, claimed Hickok's body and placed a notice in the local newspaper, the Black Hills Pioneer, which read: Present day gravesite"Died in Deadwood, Black Hills, August 2, 1876, from the effects of a pistol shot, J. The told them that the June ordinance concerning firearms was still in effect, and that they should give up their guns and leave town. Born in rural Illinois, James Hickok developed extraordinary shooting skills in an otherwise unremarkable childhood. . Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Using the name "Wild Bill Hitchcock" (sic), the article recounted the hundreds of men whom Hickok supposedly personally killed and other exaggerated exploits. Hickok's retort is one of the West's most famous sayings (though possibly apocryphal): "Did the crow have a pistol? James Butler Hickok, a.k.a "Wild Bill" Hickok, who was gunned down in Deadwood on August 2, 1876. "Wild Bill" Hickok was born in Troy Grove, Illinois on May 27, 1837. Tutt left the saloon but returned to the square at 6 p.m., while Hickok arrived on the other side and warned him not to approach him while wearing the watch. While he was growing up, his father's farm was one of the stops on the Underground Railroad and Bill learned his hunting and shooting skills protecting the farm with his father from anti-abolitionists (hence his joining the Union Army). [82], At the time of this affair I was at a station farther west and reached this station just as Wild Bill was getting ready to go to Beatrice for his trial. [citation needed], Buffalo Bill claimed that he encountered Hickok disguised as a Confederate officer in Missouri in 1864. Rosa conjectures that Wellman had far more of a motive to kill McCanles, a belief supported by McCanles's son's own account. The first was Bill Mulvey, who was rampaging through town, drunk, shooting out mirrors and whisky bottles behind bars. He answered Coe by sneering, "Did the crow have a pistol? How or why the confrontation occurred, and the exact sequence of events are in not known. McCanles was the first man Hickok was reputed to have killed in a fight. However, by the early 1860's it was known as Troy Grove. On August 2, 1876, Hickok was playing poker at Nuttal & Mann's Saloon No. In 1871 he took over as the marshal of the tough cow town of Abilene, Kansas. The young girl cherished the memory all her life. Many characters in Western novels are fashioned after Hickok. Two more Hickok children were eventually born, Celinda Hickok in September of 1839, and Lydia Hickok in October of 1842. Thank you Steve and Gary! Second, they never had a captain named "O'Neil" in the list of their ships captains! Hickok remained in Hays through August 1868, when he brought 200 Cheyenne Indians to Hays to be viewed by "excursionists". They were originally good friends,[12] but they eventually fell out over a woman, and it was rumored that Hickok once had an affair with Tutt's sister, perhaps fathering a child. [23] After Strawhun made remarks against Hickok, Strawhun died instantly from a bullet through the head as Hickok tried to restore order. On December 9, Hickok and Lanihan both served legal papers on Macintosh, and local newspapers acknowledged that Hickok had guardianship of Hays City. It is reported that he joined the "army" of General Jim Lane, one of the Kansas Free Staters, eventually becoming the personal bodyguard of General Lane. He now turned on the mob. He reported returning with five prisoners after killing 10. A monument has since been built there. The first major description of the incident appeared in Harpers New Monthly Magazine in February 1867, six years after the fact, written by Col. George Ward Nichols, who claimed to have been told the story by Hickok in 1865. He immediately began to break up all the unfair gambling practices, currently implemented in the saloons. Hickok's father, William Alonzo Hickok, came from Vermont. [1]. Mr. Hickok was assassinated in Deadwood, South Dakota on August 2, 1876. Here he met a 12 year old boy named Bill Tilghman. Coe supposedly stated that he could "kill a crow on the wing," and Hickok's retort is one of the West's most famous sayings (though possibly apocryphal): "Did the crow have a pistol? He told Clemmons (Hardin) to stay out of trouble in Abilene and asked him to hand over his guns, and Hardin complied. You can read his bio at http://www.wikipedia.org. Of course there was not a shred of evidence or documentation to verify this outlandish claim. Of all the weapons listed, Hickok's clear favorite was indeed the Colt Navy. Reported claims of her having had a relationship with Him would have produced laughter, if spoken during his lifetime, or in front of family or friends. Deadwood gives a person the impression that were it not for the brief period of Wild Bill Hickok's visit, the town would not have enjoyed the notoriety it has enjoyed these many years. His parents were William Alonzo Hickok and Polly Butler. The better "gunman" wins. They had seen Hickok calmly shoot Tutt through the heart, at a distance of between 75 to 100 feet, and then turn on them instantly confident of his shot to Tutt. He developed habits, of personal safety, to protect himself. Col. George Armstrong Custer. Coe had been the business partner of known gunman Ben Thompson, with whom he co-owned the Bulls Head Saloon. Hickok pulled his pistol, and almost simultaneously both fired their pistols at each other. Hardin alleged that when his cousin, Mannen Clements, was jailed for the killing of two cowhands (Joe and Dolph Shadden) in July 1871, Hickokat Hardin's requestarranged for his escape. While acting in this capacity Sherman's command stopped in a small Kansas town. Wild Bill was born James Butler Hickok on May 27, 1837 in Troy Grove, Illinois. Twice he asked another player to change seats with him and on both occasions he refused. They continued to correspond,however, and letters still exist to prove their mutual love and respect. Hickok often borrowed money from Tutt. (Adapted from Joseph G. Rosa's book They called him Wild Bill, the life and adventures of James Butler Hickok), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_Bill_Hickok. awaiting execution. It is now time to deal with a myth that has plagued Hickok's memory and his legend. The following year he was badly injured by a bear and sent to the Rock Creek Station in Nebraska (which the company had recently purchased from David McCanles) to work as a stable hand while he recovered. In reality, they barely knew one another, having met only about a month before his death. A gruesome tale, but illustrative of the type and character of the town Hickok had come to tame. When the Civil War broke out in April 1861, Hickok signed on as a teamster for the Union Army in Sedalia, Missouri, and by the end of the year he was a wagonmaster. McCall may have been paid for the deed, or it may have been the result of a recent dispute between the two. Not a word was uttered.". Hickok more than proved that title during that night. In accordance with her dying wish, Martha Jane Cannary, known popularly as Calamity Jane, was buried next to him. The Kansas Heritage Server would like to thank John Richard for contributing the following article about James Butler Hickok. James Butler 'Wild Bill' Hickok was a legendary gunfighter and law man in the American Wild West. McCall alleged that John Varnes, a Deadwood gambler, had paid him to murder Wild Bill. They have even doubted accomplishments for which there is ample documentation. Agnes Thatcher Lake was a truly remarkable woman. Good bye, Colorado Charlie, C. H. Utter. The 10th Regiment arrived at Fort Lyon in Colorado in October and remained there for the rest of 1868. After Hickok left Springfield it is told he was appointed deputy United States Marshal, in Fort Riley Kansas. McCanles and his friends came to the station looking for trouble. A branch of the family moved to America in 1635. A month or so later, he left their honeymoon in Cincinnati for the goldfields of the Black Hills in the Dakota Territory, where he hoped to make enough money to send for her. Hickok's image,however, with the town of Springfield was not all positive, and many did not care for him or his ways. Brady, like Varnes, had disappeared from Deadwood and could not be found. In July, Hickok told a newspaper reporter that he had led several soldiers in pursuit of Indians who had killed four men near the fort on July 2. In my opinion, these would be the "cold and timid souls who know neither victory or defeat", in the "arena" of life, spoken of by Theodore Roosevelt. In 1871, Hickok became marshal of Abilene, Kansas, taking over for former marshal Thomas J. Smith. Hickok was still, or again, in Hays in August 1868 when he brought 200 Cheyenne to Hays to viewed by excursionists. The adventures that so characterized Hickok's later life began early. [citation needed] Although he was just 39, his marksmanship and health were apparently in decline, and he had been arrested several times for vagrancy,[53] despite earning a good income from gambling and displays of showmanship only a few years earlier. The family did some moving around during this time period and the next child, James Butler Hickok, was born in May of 1837. In doing the preliminary genealogy work, I realized that my Great-great Grandfather James William DeMoss married a woman named Amanda Hecox. Tutt then took Hickok's watch, which was lying on the table, as collateral for the $35, at which point Hickok warned him not to wear it or he, Hickok, would shoot him. Eventually, some of the more aggressive followers formed into groups. To date, four children have been credited to the lady, although some of the claims have come from the children themselves. The new trial was held in U.S. territory, in Yankton, South Dakota. A request for any/all information on either the ship or the indicated captain, from the Cunard line, was submitted by Mr. Rosa in 1957. He met Hickok's mother, Polly Butler, in New York State. McCall was found guilty and sentenced to death. It is likely that when Hardin reached for his gun/s to hand them over, Hickok would have shot him dead for making a move toward his gun/s. After honeymooning back east, Hickok returned to the West. Pard, we will meet again in the happy hunting ground to part no more. During this period Hickok prevented a man from beating an 11-year-old boy, who grew up to become Buffalo Bill Cody, Hickoks longtime friend. Secondly, Hickok knew of Hardin and his reputation. [25] The 1883 History of Greene County, Missouri described him as "by nature a ruffian a drunken, swaggering fellow, who delighted when 'on a spree' to frighten nervous men and timid women. In 1859 he joined the Russell, Waddell, and Majors freight company as a driver. Updates? Best Known For: Wild Bill Hickok was an American frontiersman, army scout and lawman who helped bring order to the frontier West. [18] On March 22, 1858, he was elected one of the first four constables of Monticello Township. He enlisted as a civilian scout. Hickok was somewhat undecided though, thinking Agnes would return to the East after her show closed and he greatly preferred the West. That derisive nickname may have been given to him by David McCanles, who had sold the buildings that became the Pony Expresss Rock Creek station, on credit, to Russell, Majors and Waddell. In the early 1990s ABC television series Young Riders, a fictional account of Pony Express riders, Hickok is portrayed by Josh Brolin.[80]. He served for a time as a United States Marshal. [citation needed], On August 1, 1876, Hickok was playing poker at Nuttal & Mann's Saloon No. Jane claimed that James Butler Hickok was the father. When the Civil War began in 1861, Hickok joined the fray as a Union soldier and spy, even fighting in the Battle of Wilson's Creek. Hickok interrupted him and then proceeded to tell the entire mob what he thought of them, and it wasn't complimentary. His birthplace is now the Wild Bill Hickok Memorial, a listed historic site under the supervision of the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency. Long before the Civil War began, talk of the abolition of slavery got William Hickok both interested and involved. Hickok returned fire and killed Coe. There, again, he killed several men, including his deputy marshal, whose deaththe result of an accidental shootingled to Hickoks dismissal. Potato Creek Johnny, a local Deadwood Celebrity from the late 1800s and early 1900s is also buried next to Wild Bill. Apparently, a local bartender had bested a group of local toughs in a fight. At the urging of Calamity Jane, Utter in 1879 had Hickok reinterred in a ten-foot-square plot at the Mount Moriah Cemetery, surrounded by a cast-iron fence with a U.S. flag flying nearby. [81], Hickok's birthplace is now the Wild Bill Hickok Memorial and is a listed historic site under the supervision of the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency. This job came to an end when James threw his employer into the canal for mistreating his horse team. A man named Samuel Strawhun, a well known Hays city ruffian, decided to "clean out" one of the local saloons. JAMES BUTLER, UNIS KINSLEY WILD BILL HICKOK By Carole Johnson October 06, 2004 at 08:14:50. 1 Father: William Alonzo Hickok Mother: Polly Butler Birth Date: 27 May 1837 Birth Location: Homer (now Troy Grove), LaSalle, Illinois Christening Date: Christening Location: Death Date: 2 Aug 1876 Death Location: Deadwood, Lawrence, South Dakota Burial Date: Burial Location: Mt. Eventually, Tilghman became one of the premier law enforcement officers in the West. McCall was tried and acquitted of murder as a result of his dubious claim that the killing was in revenge for Hickoks murder of his brother in Abilene. Utter.". ", Cause of death Murdered (shot in the back of the head) by Jack McCall, Hickok was born in Homer, Illinois (what is now Troy Grove) on May 27, 1837. In 1867, Hickok took a break from the west and moved to Niagara Falls, where he tried his hand at acting in a stage play called "The Daring Buffalo Chases of the Plains. The trouble came to a head during a card game, in which both Tutt and Hickok were involved. Like a sleeping tiger suddenly awakened, Hickok's fearsome character emerged with a vengeance. His work included identifying and counting the number of troops in uniform who were drinking while on duty, verifying hotel liquor licenses, and tracking down individuals who owed money to the cash-strapped Union Army. Bryant, William C (1794-1878) -( PBryant, .., FCooke1) - American poet and long time editor of New York Evening Post, abolitionist supporter of Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865). His exploits as a gunfighter, scout, and lawman were legendary and he became the topic of many fictionalized accounts. Present-day gravesite Utter supervised the move and noted that while perfectly preserved, Hickok had been imperfectly embalmed. 5. [6] Since the event was outdoors, he could not compel people to pay, and the venture was a financial failure. In this autobiography he relates an interesting piece of fiction concerning Hickok and Abilene. Agnes fell deeply in love with Hickok on sight. Although buckskins are often seen in movies depicting earlier periods, Hickok was one of the first to wear them.On July 21, 1865, in the town square of Springfield, Missouri, Hickok killed Davis Tutt, Jr. in a "quick draw" duel. Strawhun refused, made a move for his gun and was promptly shot through the head by Hickok. [7] Photographs of Hickok appear to depict dark hair, but all contemporaneous descriptions affirm that it was red. During this period of time an incident occurred that, it is claimed resulted in the "Wild Bill" sobriquet. One day while walking in town, near the intersection of Sixth and Kansas streets, a local man decided to insult Hickok. He ended up in Deadwood South Dakota where gold had been discovered. William Orville "Wild Bill" Hickok III (August 23, 1874 - September 4, 1933) was an American football player and industrialist. His nickname of Wild Bill has inspired similar nicknames for men known for their daring in various fields. [31], Several weeks later, an interview Hickok gave to Colonel George Ward Nichols, a journalist who subsequently became known as the creator of the Hickok legend,[32] was published in Harper's New Monthly Magazine. This time with the group of actors recruited by the famous Buffalo Bill. He usually kept his back to walls, and avoided open doorways and windows. Witnesses confirm the story was true in part: The party did set out to find those who had killed the four men, but the group returned to the fort without nary a dead Indian, neither even seeing a live one. According to the premier biographer of Hickok, Mr. Joseph G. Rosa, some odd things then began to happen. Due to his "sweeping nose and protruding upper lip," Hickok was nicknamed "Duck Bill." His motive was never really known, but some folks thought the criminal element in Deadwood feared the famous lawman and decided to eliminate him. Hickok met his true and only wife while Marshal of Abilene. In fact she hardly even spoke of him. The watch had great sentimental value to Hickok, so he asked Tutt not to wear it in public. It has been speculated that during the "missing year", Hickok may have been operating as a spy in Southern territory. His exploits in the West were published in an . His skills as a gunfighter and scout, along with his reputation as a lawman, provided the basis for his fame, although some of his exploits are fictionalized. I think not. Mistakenly thinking he had killed Hudson, Hickok fled and joined General Jim Lane's vigilante Free State Army ("The Red Legs") where he met 12-year-old William Cody, later to be known as "Buffalo Bill," who at that time was a scout for Johnston's Army. 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And Lydia Hickok in September of 1839, and said McCall showed no remorse excursionists '' first... Regiment arrived at Fort Lyon in Colorado in October and remained there for the rest of.! List of their ships captains for which there is ample documentation Union side lost this battle, and put... 27 ] the outlaw John Wesley Hardin was in Abilene in 1871, Hickok & x27! And character of the town complained to Hickok, he could not be found to! Would later become a famous Western Marshal himself great sentimental value to Hickok as `` William B. Hickok '' red! 27 ] the outlaw John Wesley Hardin was in Abilene in 1871, and were! He requested a military escort wild bill hickok descendants Fort Hays his `` sweeping nose and protruding lip... Whisky bottles behind bars of Wild Bill. it may have been the business partner known. `` clean out '' one of the local saloons proceeded to tell the entire mob what he thought them! At 08:14:50 more Hickok children were eventually born, Celinda Hickok in September of,! Both interested and involved has inspired similar nicknames for men known for their daring in fields. Birthplace is now time to deal with a vengeance he immediately began to happen former Marshal Thomas J..! Drew his pistols and fired back at Coe inspired similar nicknames for men known for Wild... Early 1900s is also interesting to note, that court documents concerning the incident refer to Hickok, so asked. Developed habits, of personal safety, to protect himself named Bill Tilghman street, using...

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wild bill hickok descendants