League of Nations Speech by Henry Cabot Lodge, U.S. He also served as the presidents intimate adviser and pushed for ways to get their geographically removed, commercially obsessed and democratically accountable country truly engaged in great-power politics. One of the chief opponents of the Versailles Treaty was Senator Henry Cabot Lodge (R. The final draft addressed many of the concerns that Lodge had raised in his February 28 address, but the Massachusetts Republican was implacable. But none the less is there any country today on the face of the earth which can compare with this in ordered liberty, in peace, and in the largest freedom? One hundred years ago, on Nov. 19, 1919, Alice Roosevelt Longworth threw a late-night party. He was thus in a position to mastermind the strategy of opposition to adoption of the Treaty of Versailles, including the League of Nations covenant. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. 1. 90 Day Studies (2010 - 2016) Relevancy of the Federalist Papers; The Constitution; Which Amendments; Classics this Encouraged Constitution; Executive Branch Outsmart; Intrigue of President Elections; 90 Full Studies (2017 - 2021) Our ideal is to make her ever stronger and better and finer, because in that way alone, as we believe, can she be of the greatest service to the worlds peace and to the welfare of mankind. As a result, on Nov. 19, a coalition of Democrats and 15 irreconcilables voted down consent with those reservations, while the Republicans joined with the irreconcilables to vote it down without reservations. Mass.). Like Roosevelt, he initially favored a multinational peacekeeping organization, though the one they envisioned consisted of a great-power directorate keeping lesser troublemakers in line. 11/19/2014 12:07 AM REST. Ideals have been thrust upon us as an argument for the league until the healthy mind which rejects cant revolts from them. I have loved but one flag and I cannot share that devotion and give affection to the mongrel banner invented for a league. The League of Nations November 19, 1919. . I can never be anything else but an American, and I must think of the United States first, and when I think of the United States first in an arrangement like this I am thinking of what is best for the world, for if the United States fails, the best hopes of mankind fail with it. 'Post equitem sedet atra cura,' Horace tells us, but no blacker care ever sat behind any rider than we shall find in this covenant of doubtful and disputed interpretation as it now perches upon the treaty of peace. Partisan differences and personal rivalry had long strained Wilson's relationship with the powerful and opinionated Massachusetts senator, but the intensely nationalistic Lodge and most of his fellow Republicans had supported the president throughout the war. 1. In Chicago and it seem in, End stage (or near end stage) sexual "libera, Fascinating. The principles of the Farewell Address in regard to our foreign relations have been sustained and acted upon by the American people down to the present moment. By 1919, Democratic president Woodrow Wilson had embraced the idea and Democrats supported him. Resolved (two-thirds of the senators present concurring therein), that the Senate advise and consent to the ratification of the treaty of peace with Germany concluded at Versailles on the 28th day of June, 1919, subject to the . 4, 1905, TR is inaugurated in Washington, D.C. with much celebration and fanfare. Also available in digital form. words that were brilliant but often bitter." In 1876 Lodge was one of the first to be granted a doctorate in history from Harvard . He adopted a dual course of action: first, delaying tactics to allow enthusiasm for the League to wane; second, introducing a series of amendments (the Lodge reservations) that would require the approval of Congress before the United States would be bound by certain League decisions. Nor was Lodge an outright opponent of international organizations like the League of Nations. Later that year the Republicans retook the White House, led by another reservationist senator and glad guest at the Longworth party, Warren Harding of Ohio. Business Ethics - Stephen M. Byars . Usage Policy | He enjoyed some moments in the limelight he delivered the keynote speech at the 1920 Republican convention, and with his party back in power, he resumed his earlier role of a presidents foreign policy champion in the Capitol. Lodge, Henry Cabot, War Addresses 1915-1917 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1917), p. 42. We would have our country strong to resist a peril from the West, as she has flung back the German menace from the East. "I think of the United States first. Transcript of Henry Cabot Lodge's "League of Nations" Speech, Lodge, Henry Cabot, "League of Nations," 1919. You may call me selfish if you will, conservative or reactionary, or use any other harsh adjective you see fit to apply. Mr. President: The independence of the United States is not only more precious to ourselves but to the world than any single possession. The unknown story behind Henry Cabot Lodge's campaign against the League of Nations. National I must remain, and in that way I like all other Americans can render the amplest service to the world. Lodge, H. C. (1909) Speeches and Addresses, -1909. He succeeded in adding fourteen reservations to the treaty. Lodge believed both the treaty and the League undercut U.S. autonomy in international matters. Everybody hates war. Document: The Senate and the League of Nations . Bidens Security Disaster, As riches increase and accumulate in few hands, as luxury prevails in society, virtue will be in a greater degree considered as only a graceful appendage of wealth, and the tendency of things will be to depart from the republican standard. Please help us continue to extend Liberty to the next generation and support the 2023 Patriots' Day Campaign today. They pass with the moment of effect and are shabby and tawdry in the daylight. Washingtons entire honesty of mind and his fearless look into the face of all facts are qualities which can never go out of fashion and which we should all do well to imitate. The language only too frequently is not the language of laws or statues. I have always loved one flag and I cannot share that devotion [with] a mongrel banner created for a League. If it should be effectively and beneficently changed the people who would lie awake in sorrow for a single night could be easily gathered in one not very large room but those who would draw a long breath of relief would reach to millions. On February 28, 1919, two days after Lodge visited the White House, where he and the other committee members sat through a two-hour question and answer session that "told us nothing," he rose in the Senate to deliver the opening salvo in what would prove to be a protracted and bitter contest over the League of Nations and the shape of the postwar world. Henry Cabot Lodge, August 12, 1919 (Modified) Mr. President: I can never be anything else but an American, and I must think of the United States first. As it stands there is serious danger that the very nations which sign the constitution of the league will quarrel about the meaning of the various articles before a twelvemonth has passed. In a major speech before the legislature voted, Lodge took pride in his long selfless service to the state. Also available in digital form. But it is well to remember that we are dealing with nations every one of which has a direct individual interest to serve, and there is grave danger in an unshared idealism. Yep, throughout the history of the Em, And to think of all that time and energy wasted by, "..even the alleged 'islamophobia' in Aladdin." Ordered printed January 28, 1916. He gave more speeches in a shorter time than he had ever done before, even during his presidential campaigns. But I am certain that we can do it best by not putting ourselves in leading strings, or subjecting our policies and our sovereignty to other nations. Lodge offered to support it only if . The 1924 United States presidential election was the 35th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 4, 1924.In a three-way contest, incumbent Republican President Calvin Coolidge won election to a full term. Henry Cabot Lodge: Speech Opposing the League of Nations (1919) Log in to see the full document and commentary. This echoes the concerns that Lodge raised about American forces being deployed at the request of the League of Nations. The Monroe doctrine exists solely for the protection of the American Hemisphere, and to that hemisphere it was limited. (Close Reading) What is Lodge's argument in Document B. (Contextualization, Close Reading) What race issues was Senator Johnson likely referring to in California and in the South. If he was, he masked his sorrow well. Animated by the conviction that he would "follow no man and vote for no measures which, however well intended, seem in my best judgement to lead to dissensions rather than to harmony among the nations or to injury, peril, or injustice to my country," and his insistence that the Senate, "which is charged with responsibility . I feel that I can say this without being accused of undue boastfulness, for it is the simple fact, and in making this treaty and taking on these obligations all that we do is in a spirit of unselfishness and in a desire for the good of mankind. A better sense of how senators stood on the basic question of approving the treaty and league in some form came on a procedural measure to complete the debate. Even at its most internationalist, Republican foreign policy in the 1920s offered weak a substitute for the American leadership on peace and collective security that Wilson had fought for. We shall make mistakes in the future and fall short of our own best hopes. At his urging, Senate Democrats refused to support the treaty with Lodge's reservations, and joined forces with the "irreconcilables"who opposed the treaty in any formto defeat it on November 19, 1919. Republican senator Henry Cabot Lodge of Massachusetts led the opposition to Wilson's League of Nations. We abandon entirely by the proposed constitution the policy laid down by Washington in his Farewell Address and the Monroe doctrine. pic.twitter.com/KwytPSdiTA Bree A Dail (@breeadail) April 18, 2023 I have lived in Illinois all my 66 years. Courtesy of Library of Congress Senate rejects League of Nations, Nov. 19, 1919 By Andrew Glass. The next Republican secretary of state, Charles Evans Hughes, brought off such diplomatic feats as the naval disarmament treaties of 1921 and the Dawes and Young Plans to aid European economic recovery forerunners of the Marshall Plan. We all respect and share these aspirations and desires, but some of us see no hope, but rather defeat, for them in this murky covenant. Internationalism, illustrated by the Bolshevik and by the men to whom all countries are alike is to me repulsive. Wilson called this article the heart of the league, without which it would be a mere debating society. Critics charged that this article abrogated American sovereignty and violated Congresss constitutional war-making authority. What I have just said indicates the vast importance of the form and the manner in which the agreements which we are to sign shall be stated. This is all the more essential because it is evident, although not expressly stated, that this league is intended to be indissoluble, for there is no provision for its termination or for the withdrawal of any signatory. You can not found world peace upon the cynical "scrap of paper" doctrine so dear to Germany. Long after Congress agreed to a joint resolution declaring the end of the First . Speech by Henry Cabot Lodge, U.S. I have always loved one flag and I cannot share that devotion [with] a mongrel banner created for a League. Moreover, he was destitute of any personal ambitions to a degree never equaled by any other very great man known to us. FAQ Whos In Charge of Clarence Thomas? Therefore, before we ratify, the terms and language in which the terms are stated must be exact and precise, as free from any possibility of conflicting interpretations, as it is possible to make them. Perhaps the time has come when it is necessary to do this, but it is a very grave step, and I wish now merely to point out that the American people ought never to abandon the Washington policy and the Monroe doctrine without being perfectly certain that they earnestly wish to do so. 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